5 Translation phrases

le resulta ...

he/she finds it ...

llevar a ... a hacer...

to bring someone to do something

hacerse justicia

to get justice

además de

as well as

poner a un lado

to set aside

profundizar en

to drill down into

al menos

at least

Desde ... +present

Since ... +present perfect

En cuanto a

with regards to

Listing adjectives after noun (order)

[Noun] + Size + Age/Shape + Color + Origin + Material

Adjectives before a noun

Beauty, Age, Goodness, Size

Difference between grande before or after noun

gran+noun=great

noun+grande=big

Que tanto ...

that they ... so much

controlar a alguien

to control someone

Cualquiera

Anybody SUBJUNCTIVE

alguién

somebody INDICATIVE

Una herramienta para

A tool to

Fuera de vs Afuera

Fuera: F for Figurative

Afuera: A for Actual

Bajo vs Debajo de

Bajo: B for baloney (pretend)

Debajo: D for directly (real)

les

INDIRECT object pronoun

los/las

DIRECT object pronoun

cuidar +what?

cuidar de

impacto +what?

impacto sobre

acabar +what?

acabar +gerund (to end up doing)

acabar de +inf (to just do)

sufrir +what?

sufrir de

ayudar a ... a ...

to help someone to do something

cada vez menos/ más

less and less/ more and more

Caudillo

leader of Spain

Al +inf

Upon +gerund

Sigue +what?

sigue +gerund

rupturas ...

... breakdowns

la pregunta se hizo

the question was posed/ raised

durar

to take (an amount of time)

(what) lugar = to take place

tener lugar

Es (adj) que (noun) +imperfect subjunctive

It's (adj) that (noun) should have (past participle)

pasar por/ experimentar

to undergo

cualquier otro/a

any other

ser responsable de

to be responsible for

Aquel/la/los/las

those

a alguien le hace falta (what does le and hace agree with)

someone needs it

le - person in need

hace - thing (so plural in agreement)

Mayoría

majority

obligar a ... que +subj

oblige ... to ...

Los gastos

the expense (singular)

Pagar

to pay for

Escuchar

to listen to

informe

report

Representar (talking about money)

is worth

de la época

at the time

what can 'to be' sometimes translate as?

encontrarse

no figuran ...

there are no...

difference between affect and effect in english

Affect is verb

Effect is noun

I affected something and this is the effect

What uses of Aunque do and don't take subjunctive

even though/although = indicative

even if = subjunctive

some 20%

un 20%

if + past (normal) + conditional

If they did this, there would be

Si + imp subj + cond

Si hicieran esto, habría

There has been

Ha habido (NOT ha sido)

What does gente always take

SINGULAR 3RD PERSON

Provided that (x2), unless, before, in case, without

Followed by what?

A condición de que/ con tal que, a menos que, antes (de) que, en caso de que, sin que

SUBJUNCTIVO

Subjunctive w/ people

When they dont exist (no hay ningúna persona que +subj)

When they might not exist (¿sabes alguién que +subj)

why would 'viven muy pocas personas que ...' take subjunctive

because we don't know if this group of people exist, to emphasize their scarcity

Order of reflex, ind, and dir obj pronouns

Reflextive 1st (me, te, se, nos, os)

Indirect Object 2nd (me, te, le, nos, os, les)

Direct Object 3rd (me, te, lo/la, nos, os, los/las)

Rules about using a passive 'se' on a verb with a personal 'a'

se + verb + a +person

The verb is ALWAYS conjugated in the singluar, even if the person is plural (e.g. se busca a los ladrones)

Rules for passive voice

Conjugation of 'ser' with past participle

Past participle AGREES with noun

lleno: ser or estar?

estar

before/ in front of

ante

then/ so

entonces

on that subject/ in that regard

al respeCto

for one's own ...

por la propia/ el propio ...

as... as

tanto ... como...

through/ by means of

por medio de

just like

así como

in depth / fully

a fondo (straight to el/la/...)

What tense do you use to say "smtn has been ... for decades"

present

e.g. "lugares que son conocidos durante décadas"

When does parecer que take subjunctive?

Me parece que INDICATIVE

No me parece que SUBJUNCTIVE

Me parece mal que SUBJUNCTIVE

If he eats, I will go out (which si)

si + present indicative + present/ future indicative

If he eats, I will go out = Si come, saldré

If he ate, I would go out (which si)

si + imperfect subjunctive + conditional

If he ate, I would leave = Si comiera, saldría

If he had eaten, I would have gone out

si + pluperfect subjunctive + conditional perfect

(can take conditional instead of conditional perfect if talking about something that would be ongoing)

If he had eaten, I would have gone out = Si hubiera comido, habría salido

By ...ing (by forgetting)

Al +inf (al olvidar)

it's hard to beleive that

cuesta creer que

All meanings of resultar

1. to turn out (el examen resultó ser fácil: the exam turned out to be easy

2. to work out (la entrevista no le resultó: the interveiw didn't work out for him)

3. to be (la pelí me resultó aburrida: the movie was boring to me)

obvs result in/from aswell