ATI TEAS Endocrine System

Circulatory system

Which system does the endocrine system secretes its hormones directly into?

Pineal

Which gland is the small gland near the center of the brain that secretes melatonin?

Hypothalamus

Which gland is a part of the brain located superior and anterior to the brain stem, is the main link between the endocrine and nervous system, and has nerve cells that controls the pituitary gland by producing chemicals that either stimulate or suppress hormone secretions from the pituitary?

Pituitary

Which gland is at the base of the brain and is often called the "master gland" because it makes hormones that control several other endocrine glands? Also activated by the hypothalamus.

Pituitary

Which gland secretes endorphins that act on the nervous system and reduce feelings of pain?

Posterior lobe

What part of the pituitary releases antidiuretic hormones that helps balance water in the body and also produces oxytocin which triggers the contractions of the uterus during birth?

Thyroid

Which gland produces the thyroid hormones thyroxine and triiodothyronine which control the rate at which cells burn fuels from food to produce energy.

Thyrotropin

The production and release of thyroid hormones is controlled by the hormone ________________, which is secreted by the pituitary gland. The more thyroid hormone there is in a person's bloodstream, the faster chemical reactions occur in the body.

Parathyroid

Which gland releases the hormone that regulates the level of calcium in the blood with the help of calcitonin, which is produced in the thyroid?

Thymus

Which gland secretes hormones that are important during puberty? The role of these hormones is to make sure a person develops a healthy immune system by producing in the bone marrow and maturing T-cells, which

Adrenal Glands

What glands sits on top of each kidney, produces hormones that help the body control blood sugar, burn protein and fat, react to stressors like a major illness or injury, and regulates blood pressure?

Adrenal Cortex

Which adrenal gland produces the hormone, corticosteroids, that influence or regulate salt and water balance in the body, the body's response to stress, metabolism, the immune system, and sexual development and function?

Adrenal Cortex

Which adrenal gland increases blood sugar levels in preparation for fight or flight response?

Adrenal Medulla

Which adrenal gland produces epinephrine, also called adrenaline, that increases blood pressure and heart rate when the body experiences stress? Fight or flight response

Pancreas

Which gland secretes the hormones insulin and glucagon to control blood sugar levels throughout the day?

Ovaries

Which gland produces both estrogen and progesterone, which promote the development of breasts? They also help a woman maintain healthy menstrual periods.

Testes

Which gland produces testosterone, which promotes the growth of the penis as a male gets older as well as facial and body hair, also deepens the voice of a male at a certain age, and has other functions of testosterone that include maintaining sex drive, promoting production of sperm, and maintaining healthy levels of muscle and bone mass?

Hormone imbalance

A _______ ________ causes metabolic diseases such as diabetes, hyperthyroidism, and gigantism

Hormone levels

What is measured to determine if a disease is present?

Hypothalamus

The endocrine and nervous system are integrated at which gland?

Nervous system

This organ system receives signals from its sensory system and uses electrical impulses to send signals to the hypothalamus which activates the pituitary

Circulatory system

Where are hormones released into when they are made?

Target cells or hormone specific receptors

When hormones are released into the blood stream, what receives them ?

Slowly longer

The endocrine system acts more ______ than the nervous system and effects last _____ than nervous system

Hyperthyroidism

This condition is when the levels of thyroid hormones in the blood are very high

Hypothyroidism

This condition is when the levels of thyroid hormones in the blood are low and leads to fatigue, slow heart rate, dry skin, weight gain, and constipation

Antidiuretic hormone ADH

This hormone increases water absorption into the blood by the kidneys.

Corticotropin releasing hormone CRH

This hormone sends a message to the anterior pituitary gland to stimulate the adrenal glands to release corticosteroids, which help regulate metabolism and immune response.

Gonadotropin releasing hormone GnRH

This hormone stimulates the anterior pituitary to release follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), which work together to ensure normal functioning of the ovaries and testes.

Oxytocin

This hormone is involved in a variety of processes, such as orgasm, the ability to trust, body temperature, sleep cycles, and the release of breast milk.

Thyrotropin releasing hormone TRH

This hormone triggers the release of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), which stimulates release of thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism, energy, and growth and development.