newtons laws and calcs

what is the general name of Newtons first law?

Law of inertia

what is the general name of Newtons second law?

Law of acceleration

what is the general name for Newtons third law?

Law of reaction

what is Newtons first law?

A body continues in a state of rest or uniform velocity unless acted upon by an external or unbalanced force

what is inertia?

• the resistance an object has to change its state of motion.

• The larger the object the greater the mass if the object the greater the inertia

what are some sporting examples where Newtons first law applies?

• A golf ball will remain stationary on a tee with gravity acting upon it, until the golf applies an external force to it

• A tennis ball will remain stationary in your hand unless someone throws it up applying an external force

• A penalty in football where the ball will remain stationary unless someone applies an external force (e.g. kicking it)

what is Newtons second law?

A body's rate of change of momentum is proportional to the size of force applied and acts in the same direction as that force

how can Newtons second law be explained?

• The quantity of motion is known as momentum and is related to acceleration.

• This means that the acceleration is proportional to the size of force applied

what are some sporting examples where Newtons second law applies?

• The harder to golfer hits the ball and the larger the mass of the club, the further the ball will travel

• The harder the footballer strikes and the larger the mass of the player, the further the ball will travel

what is Newtons 3rd law?

• For every action force applied to an object, there is an equal and opposite reactions

• The action force is applied as the muscles cause the skeletal system to apply force to the ground or surface involved, the surface will then apply the same force back onto the skeleton to create movement in the opposite direction

what are some sporting examples where Newtons 3rd law applies?

• The swimmer pushes against the wall in a tumble-turn and the wall applies the force back to the swimmer who moves in the opposite of the action force

• When a tennis player hits a ball back the ball hits the racket and moves the ball in the opposite direction

within Newtons laws there are 4 key concepts which can be calculated to get the quantities of force and movement achieved. what are these 4 things?

1. Velocity

2. Momentum

3. Acceleration

4. Force 

what is velocity?

the rate of change of displacement

what is momentum?

the quantity of motion possessed by a moving body

what is momentum measured in?

Kilograms metres per second (kgm/s)

what is the equation for momentum?

momentum = mass x velocity

what is acceleration?

the rate of change in velocity

what is the equation for acceleration?

Acceleration = (final velocity - initial velocity) / time taken

what is acceleration measured in?

Measured in metres per second per second (metres per second squared) (m/s/s)(m/s^2)

what is velocity measured in?

metres per second

what is force?

a push or pull that alters the state of motion of an object

what is the equation for force?

force = mass x acceleration

what is force measured in?

Newtons