Exercise 8 Axial Skeleton – The SKULL

Flashcards covering the skeletal anatomy of the human skull, including cranial and facial bones, sutures, foramina, and specialized bone parts.

The skull is composed of a total of __________ bones.

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The skull consists of __________ cranial bones and __________ facial bones.

$8$; $14$

There are __________ bones associated with the skull, which include the auditory ossicles and the hyoid bone.

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The auditory ossicles consist of __________ ear bones.

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The eight cranial bones include the

2 parietal, frontal, occipital, 2 temporal, sphenoid, and ethmoid

The eye sockets, also known as orbits, are composed of __________ different bones.

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The seven bones that form the orbit include the

maxilla zygomatic lacrimal ethmoid sphenoid palatine frontal

The nasal septum is formed by the vomer and the __________ of the ethmoid bone.

perpendicular plate

The __________ suture separates the frontal bone from the two parietal bones.

coronal

The __________ suture separates the two parietal bones along the midline of the skull.

sagittal

The __________ suture separates a parietal bone from a temporal bone.

squamous

The __________ suture separates the occipital bone from the two parietal bones.

lambdoid

The zygomatic arch is formed by the zygomatic process of the __________ bone and the temporal process of the zygomatic bone.

temporal (front part)

The __________ is the large hole in the occipital bone that allows the spinal cord to pass through.

foramen magnum

The __________ is a saddle-shaped depression in the sphenoid bone that translates to 'Turkish saddle'.

sella turcica

The ethmoid bone's __________ is a superior projection that serves as an attachment point for meninges, while the __________ contains olfactory foramina.

crista galli; cribriform plate

The temporal bone contains the

external acoustic meatus, mastoid process, and styloid process.

The mandibular __________ of the temporal bone is the site where the mandible articulates to form the temporomandibular joint.

fossa

The mandible contains the __________ foramen on its external body and the __________ foramen on the medial side of the ramus.

mental; mandibular

The __________ canal in the sphenoid bone provides a passage for the optic nerve.

optic

The __________ foramen is located between the occipital and temporal bones and houses the internal jugular vein.

jugular

The 'soft spots' in a fetal skull, where bones have not yet fused, are known as __________.

fontanels

The four named fontanels in the fetal skull are the

sphenoid external acoustic meatus, mastoid process, and styloid process fontanels

The __________ nerve and facial nerve pass through the internal acoustic meatus of the temporal bone.

vestibulocochlear

The floor of the cranium is divided into the anterior, middle, and __________ cranial fossae.

posterior

Cranial bones

Frontal, occipital, 2 temporal, 2 parietal, sphenoid(inside), ethmoid(inside)

Facial bones

Nasal, maxilla, zygomatic, mandible, lacrimal, vomer, inferior nasal conchae

Mandible

Body, ramus mandibular condyle, coronoid process, mandibular notch, angle, mental foramen(the hole)

Maxilla

R and L palatine, incisive foramen, intermaxillary suture

cheek bone

zygomatic arch consist of temporal process of the zygomatic bone and the zygomatic process of the temporal bone

Small Holes inferior skull

known as foramina - Jugular foramen and -carotid canal

Inferior view of skull

also consist occipital condyles, medial pterygoid, lateral pterygoid

inferior view of temporal bone

zygomatic process, mastoid process, styloid process, mandibular fossa, vomer

superior view

anterior, middle and posterior cranial fossa

cranial fossae

consist of frontal lobe, temporal lobe and cerebellum