pe paper 1 mock must learn!!!

Which one of the following is converted directly into lactic acid in the anaerobic glycolytic energy system

Pyruvic acid

Whats the plane and axis for a full twist

Longitudinal axis

Transverse plane

Plane and axis for somersault

Sagital plane

Transverse axis

Plane and axis for cartwheel

Frontal plane

Sagital axis

Define minute ventilation

Amount of air breathed in or out per minute

Explain why minute ventilation needs to increase as intensity of exercise gets harder

Allow athlete to breath more

Allow athlete to remove more co2

Delivered more 02 to working muscles

How can regular participation of exercise decrease likelihood of a stroke

Decrease in bp prevents damage to blood vessels

Reduced fatty deposits prevents blockages

Condition of arteries is maintained, insures blood flow to brain

State newtowns 1st law

A body will remain in a state of rest until a large force is acted upon it

State newtons 2nd law

Acceleration of an object of constant mass is directly proportional to the size of the force acting in the same direction as the force acted

State newtons 3rd law

To every action there is an equal and opposite reaction

Name 2 types of anticipation

Temporal

Spatial

How could a goalkeeper use temporal anticipation to save a shot

Predict when a player will shoot

How could a goalkeeper use spatial anticipation to save a shot

Predicting where the ball will go

Whats positive transfer

When learning of one skill hinders the learning of another

What’s negative transfer

When learning of one skill hinders performance of another

What’s associative stage

Movement patterns become more consistent

Fewer mistakes

Learner starts to refine the skill

Wats cognitive stage of learning

No motor programmes

Uncoordinated movement

First stage

Whats associative stage of learning

A second stage

Motor programmes forming

Smoother movement

What’s autonomous stage of learning

Final stage

Motor programmes formed

Automatic control

State 3 ways factory owners helped to increase participation in rational recreation

Provide facilities

Setting up teams

Encouraged loyalty

State 3 characteristics of mob football

Aggressive

Played locally

Played by men

Why did the characteristics of real tennis prevent lower classes playing

Couldn’t afford equipment

No time to develop high levels of skill

Complex rules they couldn’t read

One health, fitness and social benefit of training

H- decreased risk of stroke, decreased cholectrial

F- improved strength

S- prevents loneliness

Definition of cardiac output

Volume of blood pumped from the heart per minute

Definition of stroke volume

Volume of blood per beat

What’s bradycardia

Resting hr below 60bpm

What’s venous return

Volume of blood returned to the heart per minute

What’s starlings law

Greater force of contraction the greater the ejection fraction

What’s the sa node

Pacemaker od the heart

Whats the av node

Where the impulse pauses in the cardiac conduction system

What does the sympathetic nervous system do

Fight to flight

Speeds up hr

What does the parasympathetic nervous system do

Slows down hr

Whats vascular shunting

Where the blood can be redistributed to body parts

Whats tidal volume

Amount of air that moves in and out of the lungs per breath

What’s inspiratory reserve volume

Maximum amount of air that can be inhaled

What’s vital capacity

Max volume of air that can be exhaled after max inhale

What’s Bohr shift

Graph shifts to the right

When an increase in CO2 and a decrease in ph results in a reduction for the affinity of haemoglobin in oxygen

What’s spatial summation

When the strength of a contraction changes by altering the number and the size of the muscles motor unit

Whats wave summation

Addition of successive neural stimuli to produce greater contractions with no muscle fibres being able to relax

What’s tetanic contraction

A sustained powerful muscle contraction caused by a series of fast repeating stimuli

Define a gross skill

Skill performed using large muscle groups

E.g. tackle in rugby

Define a fine skill

A skill using smaller muscle group to make fine adjustments to the action

E.g. archer aiming at a target

Causes of plateau

Boredom

Limit of ability

Fatigue

Explain the term cardiovascular drift

Fluid lost from blood as a result from sweat

Blood becomes more viscous

Stroke volume decreases so HR increases

When does cardiovascular drift occur

After 20 mins of exercise