STATS errors

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13 Terms

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Type 1 error
The null (ho) is true, but we mistakenly reject it. (false positive). the test finds evidence for an alternative hypothesis that is actually false
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Type 2 error
The null is false but we fail to reject it. (false negative). false null hypothesis is not rejected; in other words, the test fails to find evidence for a true alternative hypothesis
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What is the power of a test?
The probability that we correctly reject a false null hypothesis
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You plan to perform a hypothesis test with a level of significance of 0.05. What is the effect on the probability of committing a Type I error if the sample size is increased?
The probability of committing a Type I error decreases
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Which of the following gives the probability of making a Type I error?
The significance level, increasing this increases the probability of having one.
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what is The significance level (α)
the chance we are willing to take of rejecting the null hypothesis when it is in fact true.

P(Type I error) = α
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What happens when p-value>a?
we say that the data (results) are statistically significant at level a and reject the null hypothesis (ho) for the alt (ha).
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What is the power of a test?
The probability that we Ho at a chosen sig level when the specific value of the alt is true.
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How to increase power of a test
1)increase the significant level 2)increase the sample size 3)Choose a hypothesized value far away from the true parameter
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How to calculate the probability of making a type II error?
1 minus the power of the test
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How do you decrease the probability of a type II error?
You increase the likliness of having a type I error
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If all else is constant, which of the following would result in a decrease of the probability of a Type II error?
Increase the sample size. An increase in sample size will result in a decrease in the variability of the sampling distribution, making differences easier to detect. The decrease in variability of the sampling distribution will result in an increase in the power of the test and decrease the probability of Type II error.
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Which factors alone will cause the probability of a Type II error to increase?
the standard error is increased, can also be caused by decreasing sample size