Chapter 13, 14, and 15 Health Psych

Alcohol Consumption/Laws (Chapter 13)

read the book lol

Alcohol Dehydrogenase & Alehyde Dehydrogenase (Chapter 13)

- metabolizes alcohol

- converts aldehyde to acetic acid

Gender Differences in Alcohol Consumption (Chapter 13)

Body Weight

Psychological Differences

Men’s brains are more strongly affected than women’s brains.

Women’s stomachs absorbs alcohol more by producing higher blood alcohol levels with less drinking

Women more vulnerable to the psychological effects of alcohol

Stable Weight (Chapter 14)

When eating and hydrating while staying in physical activity

3 Hormones (Chapter 14)

Leptin - A protein, that signals when more food is needed; it was discovered in 1994 and is produced by white adipose tissue (fat) and acts on receptors in the central nervous system as part of a signaling system involved in the long-term regulation of weight.

Ghrelin - A hormone that helps the hypothalamus understand when we have eaten enough food; discovered in 1999, produced by cells in the stomach wall, and its level rises before and falls after eating meals; Acts at the hypothalamus to activate the neuropeptide

Cholecystokinin - A peptide produced by the intestines, acts on the brain to produce feelings of satiation

Experimental Starvation & Experimental Overeating

- Shows that too much weight loss leads to irritation, aggression, and preoccupation with food

- Shows that too much eating leads people to be uninterested in eating

BMI

-A measure of body fat based on height and weight

Obesity

Overweight

Overeating is not the sole cause of obesity

Various methods produces body fat

Can also be thought of in terms of social and cultural standards

Insometric & Isotonic Exercise (Chapter 15)

- Contracting muscle against an immovable object

Example: pushing against a solid wall

Can improve muscle strength

- Contraction of muscles and the movement of joints

Example: weight lifting

Can improve muscle strength and endurance

Aerobic & Anaerobic Exercise (Chapter 15)

- Short, intensive bursts of energy with no increase in oxygen use

Example: short distance running

Can improve speed and endurance

- Exercise that involves increased oxygen use

Example: jogging, cycling

Works out both resipatory system and cardiovascular system

Isokinetic Exercise

- Moving muscles and joints against resistance

Example: Using specialized equipment that adjusts the amount of resistance according to the amount of force applied

Important in physical rehabilitation

Sedentary Lifestyle

- A person who does little to no physical activity