NUR 215 - Study Guide: Exam 3 with 100% accurate solutions + rationales 2026-2027

What's the EASIEST route to administer medication?

Oral

What are the types of parenteral routes?

Intradermal (ID)

Subcutaneous

Topical

Eye instillation

Vaginal instillation

Rectal instiallation

What are all the routes for administering medication?

Oral

Parenteral

Topical

Eye instillation

Ear instillation

Vaginal instillation

Rectal instillation

Which route is the most invasive and has risks for infection?

Parenteral

Describe the landmarks, the syringe, and needle angle for administering medication intramuscularly

Landmarks: Into the muscle

Syringe: 3 mL

Needle angle: 90 degrees

Describe the landmarks, the syringe, and needle angle for administering medication subcutaneously

Landmarks: Outer aspects of deltoid and thighs, as well as the abdomen

·Syringe: *Depends in type of medication

Needle angle: 45-90 degrees

What are the 7 rights of medication administration?

RIGHT MEDICATION

RIGHT DOSE

RIGHT PATIENT

RIGHT ROUTE

RIGHT TIME

RIGHT DOCUMENTATION

RIGHT INDICATION

How does the nurse check accuracy three times before administering medication?

First time: In the medication room, pull the medication and check the name and dose against the MAR

Second time: Before you enter the patient's room, check the name and dose again

Third time: When you're in the patient's room, check the name and dose again

What is the absorption rate when a patient is receiving medication via an NG tube?

Fast, since the medication is going straight to the stomach and does not go through the whole GI system

T/F:

Tightly packed endothelial cells prevent some medications from being distributed to the brain (blood-brain barrier).

True

What is another word for a medication being metabolized?

Biotransformation

What is a synergistic effect?

Multiple things going on at the same time

Give an example of an intended synergistic effect.

When a patient has hypertension, they may need to take two medications to control high blood pressure from the effect of the two different medications

What are the three etiologies to a pressure injury?

1. Pressure intensity

2. Pressure duration

3. Tissue tolerance

What is the difference between a stage II and stage II pressure injury?

Stage II: Partial thickness loss of dermis presenting as a shallow open ulcer with a red pink wound bed

Stage III: Full thickness tissue loss; Subcutaneous fat may be visible, but bone, tendon, or muscle are NOT exposed

Purple or maroon localized area of discolored intact skin or blood-filled blister due to damage of underlying soft tissue from pressure and/or shear is called what?

Deep tissue (DTPI)

A nurse is assessing a pressure injury with slough all over the wound bed, how would the nurse stage this pressure injury?

Unstageable

Describe the process of wound healing and the different ways wounds heal.

Primary intention: The wound is closed by a surgeon

Secondary intention: The wound heals from the inside out or the bottom up

What is the difference from slough and eschar?

Slough: Yellow, green, grey

Eschar: Black/brown

A nurse documents that they noticed granulated tissue in the wound bed, why is this important?

It means the wound is healing

Is purulent drainage normal in a stage II wound?

Yes

What is the difference between friction and shear?

Friction is the force of rubbing two surfaces against one another

Shear is a gravity force pushing down on the patient's body with resistance between the patient and the chair or bed

What does the Braden Scale predict?

Used to calculate the severity of a pressure injury forming

How do you use the Braden scale?

Sensory perception

Moisture

Activity

Nutrition

Friction and shear

T/F:

The higher the score on the Braden scale, the higher the risk for pressure injuries developing

False, the LOWER the score - highest the injury

In wound care, what parts do we clean first? Why?

The wound bed (inside the wound) because it is the cleanest

What are complications of wound healing?

Hemorrhage

Infection

Dehiscence

Evisceration

What are common nursing diagnoses for patients with pressure injuries?

Impaired Skin Integrity

Risk for Impaired Skin Integrity

Risk for Infection

Impaired Mobility

Impaired Peripheral Tissue Perfusion

Acute/Chronic Pain

Compare and contrast dehiscence and evisceration

Dehiscence: When the wound opens back up - post surgery

Evisceration: When the wound opens back up AND internal body organs come out

he nurse is admitting an older patient from a nursing home. During the assessment, the nurse notes a shallow open ulcer without slough on the right heel of the patient. This pressure ulcer would be staged as stage what?

Stage II