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What are X-rays?

Beam of ionizing radiation emitted from the X-ray tube.

What is the basis of medical imaging?

Standard radiography.

Who made the first X-ray and in what year?

Roentgen in 1895.

In the context of trauma, what is the minimum number of X-ray views required for a body part?

At least 2 views (AP + L).

What anatomical areas must be included when X-raying a fractured bone segment?

Whole segment + above and below joints.

When are comparative X-rays indicated?

± Comparative X-rays (used when needed for comparison, e.g., contralateral side).

Define segmental fracture.

Fracture composed of at least two fracture lines that together isolate a segment of bone, usually a portion of the diaphysis of a long bone.

Define comminuted fracture.

Fracture in which the bone has broken into several pieces.

How are fractures reduced?

Using axial traction and reversal of the mechanism of injury.

Name one specific type of shoulder pathology mentioned.

Shoulder Dislocation.

What is Mason’s Classification?

A classification system (context: likely for radial head fractures, though PDF only gives title without details – as per instructions, only what is explicitly stated: “Mason's Classification” is named).

What is “Tension band wiring” called in Romanian?

Hobanaj (in Romanian).