A&P II Lab - Reproductive System

gametes

sperm and egg

gonads

testes and ovaries

sexual hormones

testosterone and estrogen

sexual dimorphism

different appearance for male and female

primary sex organs

vagina and penis

secondary sex organs

breasts

ovum

meeting of sperm and egg

testes (male gonads)

secrete male sex hormones (androgens)

produce male gametes (sperm)

seminiferous tubules

tightly coiled tubes that produce sperm

scrotum

encloses testes

thermoregulation

epididymis

the start of male reproductive tract

primary storage location of sperm and helps mature sperm

spermatic cord

ductus (vas) deferens: transports sperm from the epididymis to the urethra

testicular artery, veins, nerves, and lymphatic vessels

passes through the inguinal canal

male inguinal hernias

protrusions of tissues into inguinal canal

spermatic cord passes through inguinal canal

male accessory organs

secrete fluids into ejaculatory ducts and urethra

• seminal glands (joins vas deferens to form ejactulatory duct)

• prostate gland

• bulbourethral glands

functions of male glands

activating sperm

providing nutriends sperm need for motility

propelling sperm and fluids

producing buffers

capacitation

when sperm are able to swim

male urethra

used by urinary and reproductive systems

dived into 3 regions:

1. prostatic

2. membraneous

3. spongy (penile)

what is the female equivalent to the male glans?

clitoris

penis

contains spongy urethra and 3 regions

1. root: fixed potion that attaches penis to body wall

2. body (shaft): moveable portion and consists of corups cavernosa and spongiosum

3. glans: distal end that surrouds external urethral orifice

what is the female equivalent to the foreskin?

prepuce

what is emitted from tertiary follicle?

secondary oocytes

ovaries

small organs near female gonads

production of oocytes and secretion of sex hormones

ovarian ligament

extends from uterus to ovary

fallopian tubes (oviducts) (uterine tubes)

transport oocyte from ovary to uterus

segments of the fallopian tubes

infundibulum: expanded funnel near ovary with fimbriae

ampulla: middle

isthmus: short segment between ampulla and uterine wall

uterus

provides protection and support for developing embryo and fetus

cervix

inferior portion of the uterus

layers of the uterine wall (inner > outer)

endometrium (mucosa): inner grandular

myometrium (middle): thick muscular

perimetrium (serous membrane): thin, outer

vagina

passeageway that extends between cervix and vestibule

nonkeratinized stratified squamous

rugae (folds)

functions of the vagina:

passageway for elimination of menstrual fluids

receives sperm

forms inferior portion of birth canal

vulva

area containing female external genitalia

vestibule

central space bouded by small folds (labia minora)- smooth hairless skin

urethra opens into vestibule

• anterior to vaginal entrance

clitoris

a small protuberance in vestibule

extensions of labia minor from prepuce

mons pubis and labia majora

form outer limits of vulva

• protect and cover inner structures

steps of the ovarian cycle

primordial follicles in egg nest

formation of primary follicle

formation of secondary follicle

formation of tertiary follicle

ovulation

formation of corpus luteum

formation of corpus albicans