Chapter 10 Respiratory System pt.2

asthma

Disease caused by various conditions, such as allergies, and resulting in bronchospasm, excessive mucus production, inflammation, airway constriction, wheezing, and coughing. 

Atelectasis

 Condition in which the lung tissue collapses / deflates

 caused by a blockage of the air passages / bronchus or     

 bronchioles or by pressure on the outside of the lung. 

 Mucus that plugs the airway or pressure on the lung  

 caused by a buildup of fluid between the ribs and lungs 

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Progressive, chronic, and usually irreversible condition in which airflow to and from the lungs is decreased; the patient may have severe dyspnea with exertion and cough

Emphysema

Pulmonary condition with destruction of alveolar walls leading to loss of elasticity and ability to recoil during exhalation. This results in air being trapped within the lungs after each breath, causing them to expand or overinflate beyond their normal size. 

This can occur as result of long-term heavy smoking or exposure to air pollution; characterized by dyspnea on exertion. 

Pneumonia parts

pneumon / =RW= 

             lung  +

-ia = S = condition

Pneumonia

Acute inflammatory condition of the lungs which can be caused by bacterial and viral infections, diseases, and chemicals; severe dyspnea and death can result when alveoli fill with fluid 

Pneumothorax

Collection of air (pneum/) in the thoracic

 cavity. Air leaks into the space around 

the lung, compressing it and causing it 

 to collapse.  

Pneumothorax parts

Pneum/ =RW= air  +

  o = CV + thorax/=  

  S = chest

tuberculosis (TB)

Infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis; most commonly affects the respiratory system and causes inflammation and calcification in the lungs.  

Bronchoscopy

Process of visualizing the inside of the airways for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes

Bronchoscope

Instrument used for visualization of the airways

Laryngoscopy

Process of visualizing 

        the larynx

Laryngoscope

Instrument used to visualize

              the larynx

Spirometry

is the process of measuring lung function (breathing), specifically the amount and/or speed of air that can be inhaled and exhaled.

Spirometry parts

Spir/ =RW = breathing  +

   0 = CV  + -metry = S =     

   process of measuring

Spirometer

Instrument used to measure air flow

Thoracocentesis

A surgical puncture with a needle put through the chest wall into the pleural space for aspiration of fluid or air.  

Thoracocentesis parts

thorac/o = chest +

-centesis = surgical puncture to remove 

fluid

Thoracotomy

Cutting into or incision in the chest

Thoracotomy parts

thorac/o = chest +

   -tomy = cut into

Tracheotomy

cutting (incision) into the trachea 

Tracheostomy

forming a 

new opening / airway

Bronchodilator

Medication that causes bronchi to widen /dilate

CO₂

• carbon dioxide

CPR

•  cardiopulmonary resuscitation

CXR

chest x-ray

IPPB

•  intermittent positive pressure breathing

O₂

oxygen

SOB

short of breath