LIPIDS - P1

• Energy storage 

• Signaling molecule 

• Structural component of cell membrane

IMPORTANCE of LIPIDS

 HYDROLYSIS 

• means ADDITION OF WATER 

• Glycerol 

• Fatty acid

 HYDROLYSIS 

• means ADDITION OF WATER 

• PRODUCTS: 

ESTERIFICATION

• TRIGLYCERIDES 

Process:

glycerol 

• PROPENAL.

ACROLEIN TEST

Presence of ——

Formation:

ACID VALUE / ACID NUMBER

the number of milligrams of potassium hydroxide required to neutralize the free fatty acids in 1 g of the substance 

INDICATES:  FREE FATTY ACIDS PRESENT IN THE OIL

SAPONIFICATION VALUE

the number of milligrams of potassium hydroxide required to neutralize the free fatty acids and SAPONIFY THE ESTERS contained in 1 g of the substance

IODINE NUMBER

the number of grams of iodine absorbed, under prescribed conditions, by 100 grams of substance indicates the DEGREE OF UNSATURATION

MORE THAN 120

DRYING OIL

100 -120

SEMI - DRYING

LESS THAN 100

b

NON - DRYING  Coconut oil

• expression

• Organic solvents

METHODS OF OBTAINING FIXED OILS OF VEGETABLE AND ANIMAL ORIGIN

Cocos NUCIFERA

• Fam. ARECAceae 

COCONUT OIL

• SN: 

  • FAM

PALMAE

• Fam. ARECAceae 

Old name:

20*C

COCONUT OIL

• SEMI SOLID AT

• LAURIC

• MYRISTIC

COCONUT OIL

• MAJOR FATTY ACID

 Ela eis GUINE ENSIS

• Fam. ARECAceae 

PALM OIL

• SN

  • fam

USED: 

• shortening, margarine and frying fat. 

• soap and candle manufacture

RICINUS COMMUNIS

Fam. EUPHORBIAceae

CASTOR OIL

• SN

  • fam

RICIN

CASTOR OIL

• TOXIN

CASTOR OIL

• ontain:  45- 55% of fixed oil

•  20 % of protein substance 

USES: 

• stimulant CATHARTIC 

  • LAXATIVE: avoid in 3RD TRIMISTER in preg.

• Emollient effect and a PLASTICIZER In flexible collodion 

• manufacture of soaps and as a lubricant for internal combustion engines 

• Hydrogenated castor oil is used as STIFFENING AGENT 

• Ricinoleic acid is an ingredient in a vaginal jelly for restoration and maintenance for vaginal acidity.

SN:  OLEA EURO PEA 

• Fam. OLEAceae

OLIVE OIL

• SN'

  • FAM

SWEET OIL/SALAD OIL

OLIVE OIL OTHER NAME

SN: ARACHIS HYPOGAEA 

• Fam. FABAceae

PEANUT OIL

• SN

  • FAM

• LEGUMINOSAE

• Fam. FABAceae

  • OLD name:  

• VITAMIN B1

PEANUT

• METABOLIZE ALCOHOL

  • WHAT VITAMIN

SN: BRASSICA CAMP ESTRIS 

• B. juncea 

• B. napus

RAPE SEED OIL/ CANOLA OIL

• SN

  • FAM

 CANOLA OIL

• CANada Oil Low Acid OIL !!

RAPE SEED OIL

• AKA

  • MEANING

SN: GLYCINE SOJA

Fam:  FABAceae

SOY BEAN

• SN

  • FAM

• UREASE

SOY BEAN

• ENZYME Convert:  UREA TO AMMONIA