Unit 3 Chem

the smallest representative particle of an element

atom

the three particles the atom is made of

protons, neutrons, and electrons

letter for atomic number

Z

letter for atomic mass

A

the weighted mass of all the isotopes of an element

average atomic mass

equation for average atomic mass

average atomic mass = %A/100 x (mass A) + %B/100 x (mass B) + …

positive ion

cation

negative ion

anion

which particle determines the radioactivity of the atom

electron

particles occupying the nucleus

nucleons

atoms of the same element with different masses

isotopes

forces of attraction between nucleons

strong forces

force of repulsion between protons

electrical force

spontaneously emits a particle and decays into another element

a radioactive isotope

the changing into another element through radioactive decay

transmutation

what symbol is this?

alpha

what symbol is this?

beta

what symbol is this?

gamma

what is the chemical symbol for alpha?

2/4 H or 2/4 alpha

what is the chemical symbol for beta?

0/-1 e or 0/-1 beta

what is the chemical symbol for gamma?

0/0 gamma or gamma

which type of radioactive emission is pure energy

gamma

which type of radioactive emission is the weakest

alpha

which type of radioactive emission is in the middle for strength

beta

which type of radioactive emission is the strongest

gamma

the time it takes for half the mass of a radioactive sample to decay

half-life

bombardment of a stable isotope to force it to decay

artificial transmutation

heavy nuclei are bombarded with neutrons and split

nuclear fission

combination of two nuclei into one with release of energy

nuclear fusion

which scientists model is this?

Dalton

which scientists model is this?

Thomson

which scientists model is this?

Rutherford

which scientists model is this?

Bohr