Placenta Previa

Placenta Previa

A condition where the placenta is partially or fully covering the cervical opening.

The 3 P’s of Placenta Previa

Placenta Previa Painless.

Key points for diagnosis of Placenta Previa

Diagnosed in the 2nd trimester at 20 weeks and rechecked at 30 weeks, as it can correct itself.

Symptoms of Placenta Previa

Bright red bleeding without pain or bleeding after sexual intercourse.

Interventions for Placenta Previa

Avoid vaginal exams and manipulation, bed rest, and possibly a cesarean section if bleeding does not stop.

Vital Sign: Blood Pressure (BP) monitoring in Placenta Previa

Can be normal initially but may drop to hypotension with significant bleeding.

Vital Sign: Heart Rate (HR) monitoring in Placenta Previa

Often increased (tachycardia) due to blood loss.

Vital Sign: Respiratory Rate (RR) monitoring in Placenta Previa

May increase with shock or anxiety.

Vital Sign: Oxygen Saturation (SpO₂) monitoring in Placenta Previa

Usually normal; monitor for decreases if severe hemorrhage occurs.

Classic Findings of Placenta Previa

Painless, bright red vaginal bleeding that occurs suddenly, with a soft, non-tender uterus.

Signs of Hypovolemic Shock in Placenta Previa

Decreased BP, increased HR, cool clammy skin, and altered mental status.

Nursing note for Placenta Previa

Do NOT perform vaginal exams as they can trigger severe hemorrhage.

Monitoring requirements in Placenta Previa

Monitor pad counts for blood loss and hemoglobin/hematocrit levels.

Preparations for severe cases of Placenta Previa

Prepare for IV fluids or blood transfusion and possible cesarean delivery.