APUSH Period 4 Test Master Stimulus Based

A.J Downing, landscape architect, "In Praise of Farming," 1848.

Commercial farming expanded rapidly in the Northwest by mid-century primarily because of

a. high crop prices

b. transportation improvements

c. a prohibition on slavery

d. the weakness of soils in the East

b. transportation improvements

"I come to present the strong claims of suffering humanity. I come as the advocate of helpless, forgotten, insane and idiotic men and women...

Dorothea Dix, Memorial to the Legislature of Massachusetts, 1843

Which of the following antebellum-era historical developments was least likely to have spurred efforts such as those described in the excerpt above?

a. the influence of the second great awakening

b. the spread of liberal social ideas from europe

c. romantic beliefs in human perfectibility

d. the progress toward a unified new national culture

d. a unified new national culture

"I come to present the strong claims of suffering humanity. I come as the advocate of helpless, forgotten, insane and idiotic men and women...

Dorothea Dix, Memorial to the Legislature of Massachusetts, 1843

The efforts described in the excerpt above can best be understood in the context of

a. attempts to match democratic political ideals iwth social realities

b. the development of distinctive cultures by various groups of people.

c. governmental and private efforts to promote the american system

d. racist and nativist theories used to justify violence and segreation

a. attempts to match democratic political ideals with social realities

The concerns articulates by Dorothea Dix the excerpt above were most similar to those of

a. social darwinists in the late 1800s

b. nativists in the 1840s and 1850s

c. progressives in the early 1900s

d. conservatives in the 1970s and 1980s

Progressives in the early 1900s.

"I come to present the strong claims of suffering humanity. I come as the advocate of helpless, forgotten, insane and idiotic men and women...

Dorothea Dix, Memorial to the Legislature of Massachusetts, 1843

antebellum era reform movements such as abolitionism, temperance, and women's rights had their origins in all of the following EXCEPT

a. Monroe doctrine

b. second great awakening

c. beliefs in human perfectibility

d. liberal European social ideas

a. Monroe doctrine

"On the subject of slavery...I will be as harsh as truth, and as uncompromising as justice....On this subject, I do not wish to think, or speak, or write, with moderation.... I am in earnest--I will not excuse--I will not retreat a single inch--AND I WILL BE HEARD."

William Lloyd Garrison, abolitionist newspaper

The excerpt was likely to have found the most support among which of the following groups?

a. immigrants from ireland

b. members of congress

c. justices on supreme court

d. advocates for women's rights

"On the subject of slavery...I will be as harsh as truth, and as uncompromising as justice....On this subject, I do not wish to think, or speak, or write, with moderation.... I am in earnest--I will not excuse--I will not retreat a single inch--AND I WILL BE HEARD."

William Lloyd Garrison, abolitionist newspaper

The type of views expressed in the excerpt emerged most directly from which of the following trends?

a. growing nativism

b. opposition to industrialization

c. the second great awakening

d. support for the idea of manifest destiny

-David Walker, Appeal to the Coloured Citizens of the World, 1829

the arguments made in the excerpt above are best understood in the context of

a. The emergence of African-American abolitionist movement

b. sectional tensions over the institution of slavery

c. continued restrictions on African American citizenship in northern states

d. The growth of the internal slave trade in the United States

e

-David Walker, Appeal to the Coloured Citizens of the World, 1829

During the antebellum era, which of the following groups shared the most similar experience to that described in the except above?

a. European migrants

b. White women

c. American Indians

d. abolitionists

c. american indians

-David Walker, Appeal to the Coloured Citizens of the World, 1829

Which of the following resulted from the sentiments expressed in the excerpt above?

a. growing national support among whigs and democrats for abolition

b. increasing numbers of northerners insisting that federal government should defend slavery

c. decreased demand from northern factories for southern cotton cultivated by slaves

d. increasingly bitter national debates over the institution of slavery

David Walker, Appeal to the Coloured Citizens of the World, 1829

Which of the following groups would groups would most strongly have supported the sentiments in the excerpt above?

a. nativists in the mid 1800s

b. radical republicans in the 1860s and 1870s

c. populist in the late 1800s

d. Social Darwinists in the late 1800s

Antebellum era reform movements such as abolitionism, temperance, and women's rights had their origins in all of the following EXCEPT

a. the Monroe doctrine

b. beliefs in human perfectibility

c. liberal European social ideas

d. the second great awakening

the monroe doctrine

A.J Downing, landscape architect, "In Praise of Farming," 1848.

The crop that best fits Downing's description as one of "the great staples" in mid-19th century America was

a. corn

b. tobacco

c. sugar

d. cotton

Cotton

A.J Downing, landscape architect, "In Praise of Farming," 1848.

The development of commercial farming in the Old Northwest by the time this excerpt was written gave support to

a. higher crop prices

b. population growth in eastern cities

c. expansion of slavery

d. western settlements

Population growth in Eastern cities

"Vote in the US House of Representatives on a Bill to fund internal improvements, 1824"

Based on the voting patterns shown in the chart, support for federal funding for internal improvements was strongest in

a. agricultural regions

b. undeveloped regions

c. regions where slavery was strong

d. regions where the federalist party had been strong

Underdeveloped regions

"Vote in the US House of Representatives on a Bill to fund internal improvements, 1824"

support for the bill would have been consistent with support for which of the following?

a. American system

b. cultural nationalism

c. specialization

d. factory system

American System

Philadelphia Mechanics' Union of Trade Associations, 1828

One of the primary reasons to form a union during this period was to

a. improve working conditions

b. win a shorter work week

c. prevent immigration

d. show racial solidarity

a. improve working conditions

Philadelphia Mechanics' Union of Trade Associations, 1828

Workers in the 1820s faced difficulty because of problems with

a. transportation

b. ethnic rivalries

c. federal laws

d. inventions

a. transportation

Philadelphia Mechanics' Union of Trade Associations, 1828

Urban workers such as the Philadelphia Mechanic's Union believed they could improve their conditions through labor and

a. churches

b. political parties

c. ethnic societies

d. courts

d. courts

Philadelphia Mechanics' Union of Trade Associations, 1828

As described in this excerpt, which of the following would be a benefit to business owners from having a union?

a. the supply of labor would be more dependable

b. individuals would develop better skills

c. collective bargaining would be simpler

d. workers would become better consumer

individuals would develop better skills

"If any one proposition could command the universal assent of mankind, we might expect it would be this: that the government of the Union, though limited in its powers, is supreme within its sphere of action. This would seem to result necessarily from its nature. It is the government of all; its powers are delegated by by all it represents all and acts for all.,

Chief Justice John Marshall, McCullough v. Maryland, 1819

Which of the following did NOT result from the Supreme Court ruling above or similar rulings by the Supreme Court in the early 1800s?

a. the recognition of federal power over state laws

b. the promotion of regional interests over national concersn

c. the assertion of the primacy of judiciary

d. the court determing the meaning of the constitution

The promotion of regional interests over national concerns

Chief Justice John Marshall, McCullough v. Maryland, 1819

The ideas expressed in the excerpt above can best be understood in the context of debates over

a. the authority of different branches of the federal government

b. the scope of the federal government's role in the economy

c. the realationship between the federal government and state governments

the relationship between the federal government and state governments

Chief Justice John Marshall, McCullough v. Maryland, 1819

Which of the following groups would most likely have supported the arguments in the excerpt above?

a. federalists in the 1790s

b. democratic-republicans in the early 1800s

c. Jacksonian democrats in the 1830s and 1840s

d. states' rights advocates in the 1850s

Document: Supreme Court Case in 1819 // The excerpt represents a response to the question of the

relationship between state and federal governments

Document: Supreme Court Case in 1819 // The excerpt provides evidence to support the argument that

States have the right to nullify any laws they find to be unconstitutional.

Although, among the enumerated powers of government, we do not find the word "bank," or "incorporation, "we finct the grear powers to lay and collect taxes; to borrow money, to regulate commerce; to declare and conduct a war, and io raise and sisport armies and navies. ... [I]t may with great reason be contended, that a government, entrusted with such ample powes, on the doe execution of which the happiness and prosperity of the nation so vitally depends, must alsge entrustird with ample means for their execution. The power being given, it is the interest of the nation to facilitate its execulion.

Document: Supreme Court Case in 1819

The excerpt represents a continuity over time with regard to debates over the

Role of the federal government in regulating the economy.

Document: Supreme Court Case in 1819

Which clause of the constitution was the basis for the court's opinion in McCulloch v. Maryland

a. the necessary and proper clause

b. the equal protection clause

c. the full faith and credit clause

d. the free exercise cluse

a the necessary and proper clause

Document: Supreme Court Case in 1819 // The excerpt above references the judicial rationale for the Supreme Court decision in the case of

McCullough v. Maryland

Document: Supreme Court Case in 1819 // Which of the following would most strongly DISAGREE with the agreement made in the excerpt above?

William Crawford

"Many years after his first election to the presidency, Thomas Jefferson commented that 'the revolution of 1800' was as 'real a revolution in the principles of our government as that of 1776 was in its form.'...For him the election of 1800 was a turning point because it marked a turning back to the true republican spirit of 1776....Within the Jeffersonian framework of assumptions and beliefs, three essential conditions were necessary to create and sustain such a republican political economy: ."

Drew R. McCoy, The Elusive Republic: Political Economy in Jeffersonian America (Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 1980).

Which of the following best exemplified the Jeffersonian embrace of the ideals described in the excerpt above?

a. the national bank

b. the louisiana purchase

c. the missourri compromise

d. the american system

Louisiana Purchase

Drew R. McCoy, The Elusive Republic: Political Economy in Jeffersonian America, 1980

Drew R. McCoy, The Elusive Republic: Political Economy in Jeffersonian America (Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 1980).

Which of the following antebellum-era historical developments most conflicted with the goals of Jeffersonian Republicans as outlined in the excerpt above?

a. the nation's transformation toward a more participatory democracy

b. the emergence of a new national culture

c. the acceleration of a national and international economy

d. the growth of northern industry and regional economic specializations

The growth of northern industry and regional economic specialization

We Owe Allegiance to No Crown, John Woodside, c. 1814

Picture Research Consultants & Archives

The painting above is best understood in the context of

a. US dominance over the North American continent

b. federal efforts to assert authority over the states

c. increased migration from europe to the United States

d. the emergence of a new national culture

the emergence of a new national culture.

We Owe Allegiance to No Crown, John Woodside, c. 1814

Picture Research Consultants & Archives

The sentiments expressed in the painting above best reflect which of the following antebellum-era historical developments?

a. the acquisition of new western territories

b. the impact of lieberal social ideas from abroad

c. the struggle to create an independent global presence

d. the US interest in increasing foreign trade

The struggle to create an independent global presence

We Owe Allegiance to No Crown, John Woodside, c. 1814

Picture Research Consultants & Archives

The sentiments displayed in the painting above were most similar to national attitudes during which conflict?

a. the revolutionary war

b. the Mexican American war

c. the Spanish American war

d. world war I

a. revolutionary war

"With the. existing colonies or dependencies of any European power we have not interfered and shall not interfere, But with the governments who have declared their independence and maintain it, and whose independence we have, on great consideration and on just principles, acknowledged, we could not view any interposition for the purpose of oppressing them or controlling...

James Monroe, The Monroe Doctrine, 1823

Who of the following provided the strongest influence of President Monroe in the writing of the Monroe Doctrine?

a. george washington

b. john adams

c. thomas jefferson

d. john qunicy adams

John Quincy Adams

"With the. existing colonies or dependencies of any European power we have not interfered and shall not interfere, But with the governments who have declared their independence and maintain it, and whose independence we have, on great consideration and on just principles, acknowledged, we could not view any interposition for the purpose of oppressing them or controlling...

James Monroe, The Monroe Doctrine, 1823

Based on the excerpt, which of the following statements best describes the change in American Foreign policy in 1823?

a. the United States would become more active in European affairs.

b. the United States would consider any attempt of European interference in the Western Hemisphere as unfriendly toward the United States

c. The United States intended to end European colonialism in the western hemisphere

d. the United States declare intention to gain a world empire.

b. the United States would consider any attempt of European interference in the Western Hemisphere as unfriendly toward the United States.

"With the. existing colonies or dependencies of any European power we have not interfered and shall not interfere, But with the governments who have declared their independence and maintain it, and whose independence we have, on great consideration and on just principles, acknowledged, we could not view any interposition for the purpose of oppressing them or controlling...

James Monroe, The Monroe Doctrine, 1823

Monroe counted on which of the following European nations to be an ally if any nation challenged the Monroe Doctrine?

a. britain

b. france

c. russia

d. spain

Britain

"With the. existing colonies or dependencies of any European power we have not interfered and shall not interfere, But with the governments who have declared their independence and maintain it, and whose independence we have, on great consideration and on just principles, acknowledged, we could not view any interposition for the purpose of oppressing them or controlling...

James Monroe, The Monroe Doctrine, 1823

James Monroe, The Monroe Doctrine, 1823

Which best explains why the American people were so supportive of the Monroe Doctrine?

a. nationalism

b. sectionalism

c. states' rights

d. dislike of britain

Nationalism

"With the. existing colonies or dependencies of any European power we have not interfered and shall not interfere, But with the governments who have declared their independence and maintain it, and whose independence we have, on great consideration and on just principles, acknowledged, we could not view any interposition for the purpose of oppressing them or controlling...

James Monroe, The Monroe Doctrine, 1823

The ideals expressed in the Monroe doctrine augment the ideas expressed in which of the following previously established American policies?

a. the concept of "free trade" in augured in Jay's Treaty

b. the idea of "right of deposit" established in Pinckney's Treaty

c. The statement of "no entangling alliances" expressed in President George Washington's Farewell address

d. The acquisition of new territory, as established in the Greenville Treaty in 1795

c. The statement of "no entangling alliances" expressed in President George Washington's Farewell address

"With the. existing colonies or dependencies of any European power we have not interfered and shall not interfere, But with the governments who have declared their independence and maintain it, and whose independence we have, on great consideration and on just principles, acknowledged, we could not view any interposition for the purpose of oppressing them or controlling...

James Monroe, The Monroe Doctrine, 1823

The establishment of the Monroe Doctrine was a reaction to which of the following events?

a. the outcome of the war of 1812

b. the intention of the European power to reclaim Spanish colonies in the western hemisphere

c. the unsettled results for the napoleonic wars in europe

d. European economic encroachment in the Western Hemisphere

b. the intention of the European power to reclaim Spanish colonies in the Western Hemisphere

"With the. existing colonies or dependencies of any European power we have not interfered and shall not interfere, But with the governments who have declared their independence and maintain it, and whose independence we have, on great consideration and on just principles, acknowledged, we could not view any interposition for the purpose of oppressing them or controlling...

James Monroe, The Monroe Doctrine, 1823

The United States maintained the foreign policy of the Monroe Doctrine until which of the following?

a. the war against Mexico in order to gain new western territory

b. efforts made by the union to keep great britain and France out of the civil war

c. america's acquisition of an overseas empire as a result of a war with spain

d. American participation in World War I

d. American participation in World War I

"Our policy in regard to Europe, which was adopted at an early stage of the wars which have so long agitated that quarter of the glove, nevertheless remains the sameDocument: Presidential message to Congress, 1823 //

The excerpt provides evidence of

The United States' attempt at asserting itself as a dominant power.

Document: Presidential message to Congress, 1823 // The excerpt illustrates a new direction in US policies regarding

european colonization

Document: Presidential message to Congress, 1823 // The excerpt above refers to

Monroe doctrine

Which of the following groups would be most likely to support the perspective of the cartoon?

a. democrat supporters of Andrew jackson

b. whig opponents of Andrew jackson

c. know-nothing opponents of immigration

d. anti masonic opponents of special privilege

b. whig opponents of Andrew Jackson

the cartoon most likely refers to which of the following policies of Andrew Jackson

a. the war against the Bank of the United States

b. opposition to nullification threats in South Carolina

c. indian removal

d. support for the spoils system

a. the war against the bank of the United States

Though a supporter of "strict construction" of the constitution, Jackson was notable for which of the following?

a. weakening the presidency

b. spending on internal improvements

c. strengthening the presidency

d. weakening the party system

c. strengthening the presidency

Andrew Jackson saw himself as a champion of which of the following continuities in United States history?

a. the struggle for civil rights for all

b. government assistance for the underprivileged

c. the cooperation of government and big business

d. the democratization of American life

the democratization of American life

The issuance of the Monroe Doctrine did which of the following?

a. Helped Secretary of State John Quincy Adams secure the presidency in 1824.

b. Reaffirmed George Washington's goal of United States neutrality in the Americas.

c. Established the United States as the dominant economic power in South America.

d. Asserted American independence in the realm of foreign policy.

b. Reaffirmed George Washington's goal of United States neutrality in the Americas

The Monroe Doctrine maintained that:

a. all nations and states in the Americas were territories of the United States

b. the United States Congress could overrule the president's foreign policy initiatives in Latin America

c. Cuba, Texas, and Puerto Rico were protectorates of the United States

d. European powers should not pursue any future colonization in the Americas

European powers should not pursue any future colonization in the Americas

"It is true I am a Shawnee. My forefathers were warriors. Their son is a warrior. From them I take only my existence; from my tribe I take nothing... I come to Governor Harrison to ask him to tear the treaty... but I would say to him:

'Sir, you have liberty to return to your own country.'

"Once, nor until lately, there was no white man on this continent...

Tecumseh, Letter to Governor William Henry Harrison, August 1810

Tecumseh believed that which of the following would be the best way for the American Indians to respond to the desire of white settlers for land?

a. signing a treaty with the United States

b. joining the British in order to stop westward expansion

c. moving westward to lands unoccupied by american indians

d. formaing a confederacy among all american indians

forming a confederacy among al american indians

Tecumseh, Letter to Governor William Henry Harrison, August 1810

Tecumseh objected to the treaty selling Indian land because he thought

a. the price offered by the United States was too low

b. american indians were always encroaching on settlements

c. the white settlers would divde the land among them

no individual or single tribe had the rigth to sell the land

no individual or single tribe had the right to sell the land

"The only encouragements we hold out to strangers are a good climate, fertile soil, wholesome air and water, plenty of provisions, good part for labor, kind neighbors, good laws, a free government, and a hearty welcome. Clements Burleigh

Which phrase by Burleigh best addresses the motives of the largest number of immigrants coming to the US during the years from 1816 to 1848?

a. a good climate

b. good pay for labor

c. kind neighbors

d. a hearty welcome

b. good pay for labor

"The only encouragements we hold out to strangers are a good climate, fertile soil, wholesome air and water, plenty of provisions, good part for labor, kind neighbors, good laws, a free government, and a hearty welcome. Clements Burleigh

In the 1830s and 1840s, the section of the US most affected by immigration was the

a. states in the East and North

b. states with large plantations

c. states west of the Allegheny Mountains

d. territories that were not yet states

d. states west of the allegheny mountains

"The only encouragements we hold out to strangers are a good climate, fertile soil, wholesome air and water, plenty of provisions, good part for labor, kind neighbors, good laws, a free government, and a hearty welcome. Clements Burleigh

Which of the following reinforced the message that Burleigh was sending to people who wanted to move to America?

a. American System

b. Industrialization

c. protective tariff

d. Rush-Bagot Agreement

a. American system

"The only encouragements we hold out to strangers are a good climate, fertile soil, wholesome air and water, plenty of provisions, good part for labor, kind neighbors, good laws, a free government, and a hearty welcome. Clements Burleigh

Which of the following connected the Great Lakes to the East Coast and fueled to the economic rise of New York City

a. the transcontinental railroad

b. the national road

c. the Cumberland gap

d. the Erie Canal

d. the Erie Canal

Senator Obadian German of New York, Speech in the Senate, June 1812

Based on the tone of the excerpt, which of the statements below best expresses Germanś position on declaring war in June of 1812

a. he opposed going to war because he did not believe the country was prepared for one

b. he opposed the war because he thought people did not have the right attitude about fighting

c. he supported going to war immediately against both great britain and france

d. he supported the war to prevent british troops from canada invading new york and other northern states

He opposed going to war because he did not believe the country was prepared for one

"I am ready to allow, Mr. President, that both Great Britain and France have given us abundant cause for war...my plan would be, and my first ish is, to prepare for it-to put the country in complete armor- in the attitude imperiously demanded in a crisis of war, and to which it must be brought before any war can be effective...

Senator Obadian German of New York, Speech in the Senate, June 1812

Who of the following would be most likely to agree with German's position on the war?

a. john calhoun and otehr politicians from the south

b. henry clay and other politicians from the west

c. james madison and other politicians from the executive branch

d. merchants from new england

Merchants from New England

Senator Obadian German of New York, Speech in the Senate, June 1812

Which of the following is the best support for Germanś claim that the United States has abundant cause for war?

a. the impressment of US sailors

b. the controversy over teh Louisiana Purchase

c. the actions by the barbary pirates

d. the findings of the Louis and Clark expedition

the impressment of US sailors

"We hold...that on their separation from the Crown of Great Britain, the several colonies became free and independent states, each enjoying the separate and independent right of self-government; and that no authority can be exercised over them...but by their consent...it is equally true, that the Constitution of the US is a compact formed between the several States...that the government created by it is a joint agency of the states, appointed to execute the powers enumerated and granted by that instrument; --John C Calhoun statement adopted by the convention in South Carolina, 1832.

Which of the following was the immediate cause of the publication of the statement in this excerpt?

a the election of Andrew jackson

b. the decision to halt slave importation

c. a Supreme Court decision on states' rights

d. an increase in the tariff passed by congress

a protective tariff

While Calhoun and many other Southerners disagreed with President Jackson's opposition to nullification, they agreed with him on

a. his support for higher federal spending

b. his support for a national bank

c. his opposition to the anti-slavery movement

d. his opposition to states' rights

c. his opposition to the anti-slavery movement

We hold...that on their separation from the Crown of Great Britain, the several colonies became free and independent states, each enjoying the separate and independent right of self-government; and that no authority can be exercised over them...but by their consent...it is equally true, that the Constitution of the US is a compact formed between the several States...that the government created by it is a joint agency of the states, appointed to execute the powers enumerated and granted by that instrument; --John C Calhoun statement adopted by the convention in South Carolina, 1832.

Which of the following is or are most similar to the statement in the excerpt?

a Monroe doctrine

b. kentucky and Virginia resolutions

c. specie circular

d. tallmadge amendment

the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions

Thomas Jefferson, First Inaugural Address, 1801.

According to Jefferson's address, which of the following should be relied on to protect equal rights for all people?

a. the majority

b. elections

c. laws

d. religion

laws

Thomas Jefferson, First Inaugural Address, 1801.

Which person would most strongly disagree with Jefferson's statement, "We are all Republicans, we are all Federalists?"

a. john calhoun

b. alexander hamilton

c. James madison

d. james monroe

Alexander Hamilton

Thomas Jefferson, First Inaugural Address, 1801.

Jefferson's call to avoid entangling alliances is similar to the advice of

a. john adams

b. aaron burr

c. john marshall

d. george washington

George Washington

We hold...that on their separation from the Crown of Great Britain, the several colonies became free and independent states, each enjoying the separate and independent right of self-government; and that no authority can be exercised over them...but by their consent...it is equally true, that the Constitution of the US is a compact formed between the several States...that the government created by it is a joint agency of the states, appointed to execute the powers enumerated and granted by that instrument; --John C Calhoun statement adopted by the convention in South Carolina, 1832.

Which of the following is or are most similar to the statement in the excerpt?

a. Monroe doctrine

b. kentucky and Virginia resolutions

c. specie circular

d. tallmadge amendment

Kentucky & Virginia Resolutions

"It is to be regretted that the rich and powerful too often bend the acts of government to their selfish purposes. . . When the laws undertake to add to these natural and just advantages artificial distinctions...to make the rich richer. . . the humble members of society--the farmers, mechanics, and laborers--...have a right to complain of the injustices of their government. . . There are no necessary evils in government. . .if it would confine itself to equal protection . . . the rich and poor, it would be an unqualified blessing. In the act before me there seems to be a wide and unnecessary departure from these just principles. " President Andrew Jackson, Message vetoing the Bank of the U.S., July 10, 1832

President Jackson's guiding principle to check "the injustices of government" was

a. Limited government

b. the two-party system

c. universal suffrage

d. civil service system

universal male suffrage

"It is to be regretted that the rich and powerful too often bend the acts of government to their selfish purposes. Distinctions in society will always exist under every just government...in the full enjoyment of the gifts of heaven and the fruits of superior industry, economy, and virtue, every man is equally entitled to protection by law.

-President Andrew Jackson, Message vetoing the Bank, July 10, 1832

Which of the following groups provided the greatest support for the Jackson's veto of the Bank?

a. Manufacturers

b. Nativists (anti-foreigners)

c. southerners

d. Westerners

Westerners

"It is to be regretted that the rich and powerful too often bend the acts of government to their selfish purposes. Distinctions in society will always exist under every just government...in the full enjoyment of the gifts of heaven and the fruits of superior industry, economy, and virtue, every man is equally entitled to protection by law. Document: President Andrew Jackson, Message vetoing the bank, July 10, 1832

Based on the excerpt, which of the following groups was President Jackson trying to help?

a. common individuals

b. landowners

c. small bankers

d. war veterans

common individuals

"It is to be regretted that the rich and powerful too often bend the acts of government to their selfish purposes. Distinctions in society will always exist under every just government...in the full enjoyment of the gifts of heaven and the fruits of superior industry, economy, and virtue, every man is equally entitled to protection by law. President Andrew Jackson, Message vetoing the Bank, July 10, 1832

President Jackson's veto of the Bank bill would contribute most significantly to

a. lower interest rates

b. a financial panic

c. increased land sales

d. Clay's political support

a financial panic

As described in this excerpt, which of the following would be a benefit to business owners from having a union?

a. the supply of labor would be more dependable

b. individuals would develop better skills

c. collective bargaining would be simpler

d. workers would become better consumers

b. individuals would develop better skills

Document: King Andrew the First // Based on the cartoon above, what kind of person would have supported this cartoon?

whigs

Document: King Andrew the First // President Jackson's stance on the 2nd National Bank could be seen as

a controlling political move used to gain more power for the presidency

Document: King Andrew the First // Jackson used his power ___ to control Congress.

vetoing

Rep. Lewis C. Levin, Speech in Congress

Which of the following caused the movement described in the excerpt?

a. war of 1812

b. immigration

c. importation of slaves

d. naturalization laws

b. immigration

Rep. Lewis C. Levin, Speech in Congress

The opposition to foreigners is most similar to the view that many had toward which of the following in America at this time?

a. free african americans

b. southerners

c. unions

d. women

a. free African Americans

Rep. Lewis C. Levin, Speech in Congress

The development of which of the following best demonstrates the growing power of the nativist movement in the mid-19th century?

a. a belief in nationalism

b. a series of restrictive laws

c. a secret society

d. a political party

d. a political party

b. a series of restrictive laws

CHECK SEEN BOTH ANSWERS

Martin Van Buren, "Against Government Aid for Business Losses," 1837

Van Buren believed that the strength of the American economy was based on

a. the banking system

b. the manufacturing sector

c. farmers and planters

d. the specie cicular

farmers and planters

Martin Van Buren, "Against Government Aid for Business Losses," 1837

Which of the following individuals would be most critical of Van Buren's economic policy as presented in this excerpt?

a. andrew jackson

b. roger taney

c. robert hayne

d. henry clay

Henry Clay

U.S. Roads and Canals, 1837

Nancy A. Hewitt and Steven F. Lawson, Exploring American Histories, Bedford/St. Martin's, p. 266. Reprinted by permission.

The expansion of the U.S. transportation network by 1837, as shown in the map above, benefited MOST from which of the following technological advances?

a. interchangeable parts

b. textile machinery

c. the steam engine

d. the telegraph

steam engine

U.S. Roads and Canals, 1837

Nancy A. Hewitt and Steven F. Lawson, Exploring American Histories, Bedford/St. Martin's, p. 266. Reprinted by permission.

As shown in the map above, the national system of roads and canals most closely linked which regions' economies together?

a. the north and the south

b. the east and the midwest

c. the midwest and the south

d. the north, midwest, and south equally

The East and the Midwest

U.S. Roads and Canals, 1837

Nancy A. Hewitt and Steven F. Lawson, Exploring American Histories, Bedford/St. Martin's, p. 266. Reprinted by permission.

The opening of canals and new roads in the United States, as depicted in the map above, had the LEAST impact on which of the following?

a. european immigration to the united states

b. westward migration of american citizens

c. the market revolution

d. regional economic specializtion

European immigration to the United States

Representative Thaddeus Stevens, Speech to the Pennsylvania Legislature, 1835

The first free public education system in the United States began in which of the following colonies?

a. Massachusetts

b. New York

c. Pennsylvania

d. Virginia

Massachusetts

Representative Thaddeus Stevens, Speech to the Pennsylvania Legislature, 1835

Steven disagrees with those who oppose free public education because

a. it is an example of government control

b. it will result in increased taxes

c. schools lack qualified teachers

d. schools are under protestant influences

It will result in increased taxes

Representative Thaddeus Stevens, Speech to the Pennsylvania Legislature, 1835

Stevens believes public education would provide support for?

a. the antislavery movement

b. the growth of industry

c. religious beliefs of all kinds

d. democratic government

democratic government

"Unlike those who call themselves no -government men, I ask for not. . . not government but. . .a better government. It is not desirable to cultivate a respect for the law so much as for the right. The only obligation which I have a right to assume is to do at any time what I think right...There are thousands who are in opinion opposed to slavery and to the war [with Mexico] who yet in effect do nothing to put an end to them...Under a government which imprisons any unjustly, the true place for a just man is also a prison...." --Henry David Thorough, "Resistance to Civil government" (Civil Disobedience) 1849

Thoreau challenged the government because

a. he rejected all forms of government

b. he opposed war in all cases

c. it engaged in a war to take land from mexico

d. it taxed people without representation

He opposed war in all cases

Henry David Thoreau, lecturer and author, "Resistance to Civil Government," (Civil Disobedience), 1849

Thoreau believed that a just man should be prepared to do which of the following?

a. organize opposition

b. run for elected office

c. overthrow the government

d. go to jail for his beliefs

Go to jail for his beliefs

Henry David Thoreau, lecturer and author, "Resistance to Civil Government," (Civil Disobedience), 1849

Which of the following groups held views most similar to the ideas expressed in this excerpt?

a. revivalists

b. transcendentalists

c. phalanxes

d. millennialists

Transcendentalists

Sojourner Truth, abolitionist and former slave, speech to a Women's Convention in Ohio, 1851

Sojourner Truth strongly rejects criticisms of women that are based on which of the following?

a. the ideas of transcendentalism

b. the cult of domesticity

c. the teachings of religion

d. the working status of women

The teachings of religion

Sojourner Truth, abolitionist and former slave, speech to a Women's Convention in Ohio, 1851

Sojourner Truth saw connection between the women's rights movement and

a. the second great awakening

b. the antislavery movement

c. the cult of domesticity

d. the constitution

The antislavery movement

"We hold...tht on their separation from the Crown of Great Britain, the several colonies became free and independent states, each enjoying the separate and independent right of self-governing; and that no authority can be exercised over them...

Document: John C. Calhoun, statement adopted by a Convention in South Carolina, 1832

Which of the following was the immediate cause of the publication above?

a. the election of Andrew jackson

b. the decision to halt slave importation

c. a Supreme Court decision on states' rights

d. an increase in the tariff passed by congress

an increase in the tariff passed by congress

"We hold...tht on their separation from the Crown of Great Britain, the several colonies became free and independent states, each enjoying the separate and independent right of self-governing; and that no authority can be exercised over them...

Document: John C. Calhoun, statement adopted by a Convention in South Carolina, 1832

As described in the excerpt, which individual or body makes the final decision on whether a law is valid in a state?

a. congress

b. president

c. states

d. supreme court

c. states

"We hold...that on their separation from the Crown of Great Britain, the several colonies became free and independent states, each enjoying the separate and independent right of self-governing; and that no authority can be exercised over them...

Document: John C. Calhoun, statement adopted by a Convention in South Carolina, 1832

Which of the following is or are most similar to the statement in the excerpt?

a. kentucky and virginia resolutions

b. monroe doctrine

c. specie circular

d. tallmadge amendment

a. kentucky and Virginia resolutions

"We hold...tht on their separation from the Crown of Great Britain, the several colonies became free and independent states, each enjoying the separate and independent right of self-governing; and that no authority can be exercised over them...

Document: John C. Calhoun, statement adopted by a Convention in South Carolina, 1832

Which of the following is or are most similar to the statement in the excerpt?

The Monroe Doctrine

"The question of the relation which States General Government beat to each other is not one of the recent origin.

John C. Calhoun, Fort Hill Address, July 26, 1831

Calhoun's sentiments in his Fort Hill Address led to what major crisis in American History?

A. the Indian removal act in which the president declared that he had power over the supreme court's rulings

b. the nullification crisis in which South Carolina refuted the tariff of 1832 and threatened secession

c. the annexation of Texas by John Tyler

d. Nat Turner's slave rebellion in Virginia

b. the nullification crisis in which South Carolina refuted the tariff of 1832 and threatened secession

"The question of the relation which States General Government beat to each other is not one of the recent origin.

John C. Calhoun, Fort Hill Address, July 26, 1831

Calhoun's comment about the "great struggle" was in reference to the

a. debate over the supreme court's ability to review any laws passed by Congress

b. battle between supporters of states' rights versus those who supported federal power

c. argument over whether or not slaves would be counted for congressional representation

d. war of 1812 between the United States and Great Britain for control of North America

b. battle between supporters of states' rights versus those who supported federal power

"Every one acquainted with southern slaves knows that the slave rejoices in the elevation and prosperity of his master; and the heart of no one is more gladdened at the successful debut of young master or miss on the great theatre of the world than that of either the young slave who has grown up with them and shared in all their sports, and even partaken of all their delicacies - Thomas Dew President of the College of William and Mary, 1832

the author's sentiments in this excerpt can best be understood as

a. supportive of the continuation of the international slave trade.

b. opposition to the continued restrictions against citizenship for slaves.

c. an expression of southern pride in the institution of slavery.

d. an argument for the gradual emancipation of slaves.

c. An expression of Southern pride in the instituion of slavery

"Every one acquainted with southern slaves knows that the slave rejoices in the elevation and prosperity of his master; and the heart of no one is more gladdened at the successful debut of young master or miss on the great theatre of the world than that of either the young slave who has grown up with them and shared in all their sports, and even partaken of all their delicacies - Thomas Dew President of the College of William and Mary, 1832

By the eve of the Civil War, sentiments such as those expressed in excerpt above most clearly formed the basis for

a. the southern defense of slavery as a positive good

b. southern arguments in favor of states' rights

c. abolitionist campaigns to end slavery in the United States

d. the southern political theory of nullification

a. the southern defense of slavery as a positive good

"Every one acquainted with southern slaves knows that the slave rejoices in the elevation and prosperity of his master; and the heart of no one is more gladdened at the successful debut of young master or miss on the great theatre of the world than that of either the young slave who has grown up with them and shared in all their sports, and even partaken of all their delicacies - Thomas Dew President of the College of William and Mary, 1832

The excerpt above was most likely a response to which of the following?

a. the outlawing of the International slave trade

b. the abolitionist criticism of the treatment of slaves in the south

c. the creation of free African American communities

d. the formation of a temporary national truce over the issue of slavery

b. the abolitionist criticism of the treatment of slaves in the south

"Every one acquainted with southern slaves knows that the slave rejoices in the elevation and prosperity of his master; and the heart of no one is more gladdened at the successful debut of young master or miss on the great theatre of the world than that of either the young slave who has grown up with them and shared in all their sports, and even partaken of all their delicacies - Thomas Dew President of the College of William and Mary, 1832

Which of the following best explains why many state governments in the North continued to restrict African American citizenship during the antebellum era?

a. most northerners believed that the federal government should defend the institution of slavery

b. the north was economically dependent on southern cotton

c. it was backlash against the widespread discussion of various emancipation plans.

d. anti-black sentiments persisted in popular politics and culture

d. anti-black sentiments persisted in popular politics and culture