Quiz 2: Phylogenetics and Bryophytes : PLANT FINAL

Field of science dealing with description, identification, nomenclature, and classification (DINC)

Taxonomy

Field inclusive of taxonomy establishing evolutionary relationships (phylogeny)

Systematics

Assignment/listing of features or attributes to a taxon

Description

Associating an unknown taxon with a known one

Identification

Select the epithet in Adenostoma fasciculatum Hooke & Arn

a) Adenostoma b) fasciculatum c) Hooke & Arn

fasciculatum

Based on what we know from evolutionary history

Evolutionary history or pattern of descent

Classifications from reflect the pattern of evolution

Phylogenetics

In this phylogeny fish and shark are more closely related than any other combinations.

False

Select all the evidence that explains the spines in euphorbs and cacti is due to convergent evolution:

a) Euphors and cacti are distantly related belonging to two different unrelated families

b) Euphorbs are bryophytes and cacti are monocots

c)Euphorbs and cacti share a most common recent ancestor

d) “spines” of cacti & euphorbs differ in position and development: leaf spines vs. stipular spines

a, d (Euphors and cacti are distantly related belonging to two different unrelated families and “spines” of cacti & euphorbs differ in position and development: leaf spines vs. stipular spines)

Select shared features in green plants also know as Virdiplantae (group including green algae and land plants)

a) chlorophyll b

b) Cuticle

c) Cellulose walls

d) true starch storage compound

e) thaylakoids stacked in Grana

Chlorophyll b; Cellulose walls; true starch storage compound; thaylakoids stacked in Grana

Shared features of land plants also known as Embryophyta.

a) Cuticle

b) Alternation of generations

c) Archegonium

d) Antheridium

e) Flowers

f) Seeds

Cuticle; Alternation of generations; Archegonium; Antheridium

Fusion of similar gametes

Isogamy

Fusion of large immobile egg with motile sperm

Oogamy

Spore

Haploid (n)

Gametophyte

Haploid (n)

Sporophyte

Diploid (2n)

Archegoniophore

Haploid (n)

Gemmae

Haploid (n)

Capsule

Diploid (2n)

Liverworts have stomata

True or False

False

in bryophytes, haploid spores germinate and form a protonema

True or False

True

Archegonium and antheridium are part of the gametophyte (haploid), through mitosis, they form eggs and sperm, respectively

True or False

True

The embryo which results from fusion of the sperm and the egg, is the early stages of the sporophyte

True or False

True

Sperm in bryophytes lack flagella

True or False

False

Explain whether Bryophytes (mosses, liverworts and hornworts) are a monophyletic group and explain the reason.

Bryophytes excludes vascular plants, which makes it a paraphyletic group.

Image shows

a) stipe

b) Peristome teeth and spores

c) operculum

d) gametophyte

Peristome teeth and spores

Image shows

a)Liverwort with gemma cups

b) Hornwort with gemma cup

 c) Hornwort with antheridiophores

 d) Liverwort with antheridiophores

Liverwort gemma cups

Image shows

a) Tracheophytes

b) Mosses

c) Hornworts (Anthocerotae)

 d) Liverworts - Hepaticae

Hornwort