Neurological Disorders

These flashcards cover fundamental concepts related to neurological disorders, their symptoms, causes, and treatments.

Neurodegenerative Disorders

Diseases that cause gradual loss of neurons in the CNS.

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)

A rare neurodegenerative disease characterized by loss of muscle tone and strength, primarily affecting motor neurons.

Alzheimer’s Disease

A neurodegenerative disorder that leads to progressive cognitive decline, affecting memory, behavior, and various functions.

Parkinson’s Disease

A neurodegenerative disorder marked by tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia due to loss of dopaminergic neurons.

Tangles

Intracellular aggregates of tau proteins that become detached and can lead to cell death in Alzheimer's.

Plaques

Extracellular deposits comprised of beta-amyloid that accumulate and disrupt cell function in Alzheimer's.

Stroke

An event that leads to cell death due to loss of blood supply to the brain.

Ischemic Stroke

A type of stroke caused by a blockage in an artery, reducing blood flow and oxygen to the brain.

Hemorrhagic Stroke

A type of stroke where there is bleeding in or around the brain, leading to increased pressure.

Neuroscience

The scientific study of the nervous system, its structure, function, and pathology.

Multiple Sclerosis (MS)

A chronic neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the destruction of myelin in the CNS, leading to various neurological symptoms.

Huntington's Disease

A genetic neurodegenerative condition caused by the degeneration of neurons in the basal ganglia, leading to movement and cognitive difficulties.

Dementia

A general term for a decline in cognitive function severe enough to interfere with daily life, often caused by neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's.

Cerebral Palsy

A group of disorders affecting movement and muscle tone caused by brain damage during development, leading to motor impairment and other disabilities.

Epilepsy

A neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures due to abnormal electrical activity in the brain.