Miller Chp 6

Chartres Cathedral

Considered the center of the cult of the Virgin throughout the twelfth and thirteenth centuries.

Tunic of Mary

The most cherished relic at Chartres Cathedral, believed to be worn by Mary at Jesus' birth.

Purpose of stained-glass in Gothic cathedrals

To tell the stories of the Bible.

Tree of Jesse window

A stained-glass window at Chartres depicting the genealogy of Christ and fulfilling a prophecy from Isaiah.

Flying buttress

A structure built against an exterior wall in Gothic churches to support more windows and brace against strong winds.

Saint Theodore

A figure on the jamb of Chartres' south transept portal, depicted in a contrapposto position.

Magnus Libri Organi

A collection of musical works for all feast days of the Church calendar.

Viderunt Omnes

A four-part polyphonic composition sung during the Christmas Mass at Notre-Dame Cathedral.

Minimum voices in a motet

Three.

Trivium subjects

Grammar, Rhetoric, Dialectic.

Bologna

The first city to found a university, establishing a center for the study of law.

Latin in education

Mandatory language studied in all courses during the first four years of university.

Robert de Sorbon

Played a key role in organizing theology students in Paris.

Peter Abelard

A logician and author who taught by the dialectical method.

Trotula

Recognized author of On the Diseases of Women.

Thomas Aquinas

Wrote the Summa Theologiae and was a prominent figure in Scholasticism.

Sainte-Chapelle

Features the highest ratio of glass to stone in a Gothic church.

Ambrogio Lorenzetti

Credited with painting the fresco Allegory of Good Government.

Florence

By the twelfth century, it became the center of textile production in the Western world.

Gold florin

Europe's first single currency introduced by Florentine bankers, crucial for world trade.

Arte dei Lana

Formed the Opera del Duomo, responsible for building a new cathedral.

Mendicant orders

Orders like the Dominicans and Franciscans that neither held property nor engaged in business.

Pope Innocent III's accomplishments

Formalized Church hierarchy, sanctioned transubstantiation, made annual confession and Easter communion mandatory.

Simone Martini

Credited with painting the Masetà (Virgin and Child) for Siena’s Palazzo Pubblico.

Cimabue and Giotto

Cimabue discovered Giotto, who surpassed his teacher in painting skills.

Dante Alighieri

Authored the Divine Comedy.

Dante's Inferno

Satan is found chewing Judas, Brutus, and Cassius in the lowest level of Hell.

Beatrice

Dante's guide through Paradise, representing the love of his life.

Decameron

Describes Florence during an outbreak of the plague.

Canterbury Tales

Composed of heroic couplets and authored by Geoffrey Chaucer.

Geoffrey Chaucer

Author of The Canterbury Tales, featuring characters from three social estates.

Christine de Pizan

Author of Book of the City of Ladies.