Joints

Name the 3 types of joints

1. Fibrous joint

2. Cartilage joint

3. Synovial joint

Fibrous joint

Articulate surfaces joined by fibrous tissue and thus min to no movement is possible

Ex: sutures of the skull

Cartilaginous joint

Primary cartilaginous → bone articulated by hyaline cartilage → long bone

Secondary cartilaginous → bone connected by fibrous cartilage → vertebrae

Synovial joints

True mobile joints

Plane joints

• Flat articular surfaces

• Gliding joint so they slide over each other

  • Ex: acromioclavicular joint

Hinge joints

• Uniaxial

• Flexion and extension only

  • Ex: elbow, knee, ankle

Pivot joints

• Uniaxial

• Central bony pivot surrounded by a ring of ligament

• Only rotation

  • Ex: Atlantoaxial joint and superior radioulnar joints

Condyloid joints

• Bi-axial

• 2 distinct convex surfaces articulate with 2 distinct concave surfaces

• Flexion, extension, abduction, abduction , small amount of rotation possible

  • Ex: metacarpophalangeal joints

Ellipsoid joint

• Bi-axial

• Elliptical convex surface fits into an elliptical concave surface

• Flexion, extension, abduction, abduction, no rotation

  • Ex: wrist joint

Saddle joint

• Bi-axial

• Reciprocally concavo-convex

• Flexion ,extension, abduction, abduction, rotation

  • Ex: carpometacarpal joint of the thumb

Ball and socket joint

• Multi-axial

• Ball - shaped convex fits into socket shaped concave

• Free movement

  • Ex: shoulder and hip joints