Respiratory System: Lower Respiratory System + Avian Respiratory Anatomy

Flashcards covering key concepts of the lower respiratory system and avian respiratory anatomy.

Trachea

A firm tube made up of cartilaginous rings, extending from the larynx to the lungs.

Bronchi

The two main branches that bifurcate from the trachea and lead to the lungs.

Bronchioles

Small airways in the lungs where cartilage disappears and is replaced by glandular cells and muscle.

Alveoli

Sac-like structures where gaseous exchange occurs, associated with pulmonary capillaries.

Lungs

Organs that expand during inhalation, composed of various lobes and surrounded by pleura.

Pleura

The serous membrane that surrounds the heart and lungs, consisting of visceral and parietal layers.

Pleural Cavity

The potential space containing a small amount of fluid, allowing lung expansion.

Syrinx

The vocal organ in birds located at the terminal part of the trachea, responsible for sound production.

Parabronchi

Loops that arise from secondary bronchi in birds, crucial for gas exchange.

Nasal Cavity

The area containing conchae for filtering air, olfaction, and thermoregulation in birds.