D. caninum to end of cestodes clipar lec - finals

Dipylidium caninum

Double-pored dog tapeworm causing dipylidiasis

Dipylidiasis

Disease caused by Dipylidium caninum

Definitive host

Host in which the adult parasite develops and reproduces sexually

Accidental host

Host not normally involved in the parasite life cycle

Scolex

Attachment organ of tapeworms

Rostellum

Apical projection on the scolex bearing hooks

Proglottid

Body segment of a tapeworm containing reproductive organs

Gravid proglottid

Mature segment filled with eggs

Hexacanth embryo

Embryo with 6 hooklets found inside cestode eggs

Bilateral genital pores

Genital openings located on both sides of the proglottid

Pumpkin seed appearance

Appearance of moist gravid proglottids of Dipylidium caninum

Rice grain appearance

Appearance of dry gravid proglottids of Dipylidium caninum

Dog flea

Common intermediate host of Dipylidium caninum

Cat flea

Common intermediate host of Dipylidium caninum

Dog louse

Intermediate host of Dipylidium caninum

Anal pruritus

Itching around the anus

Epigastric pain

Pain in the upper abdominal region

Diagnosis of dipylidiasis

Recovery of gravid proglottids in stool

Raillietina garrisoni

Tapeworm of rats first reported in a Filipino in 1911

Incidental host

Host accidentally infected but not essential to the parasite life cycle

Hammer-shaped rostellum

Characteristic rostellum of Raillietina garrisoni

Bilobed ovary

Ovary with two lobes found in mature proglottids of Raillietina garrisoni

Ovoid testes

Egg-shaped testes surrounding the ovary in Raillietina garrisoni

Egg capsule

Structure containing clustered eggs in Raillietina garrisoni

Spindle-shaped eggs

Characteristic egg shape of Raillietina garrisoni

Flour beetles

Intermediate host of Raillietina garrisoni found in grain products

Asymptomatic

Showing no symptoms of disease

Diphyllobothrium latum

Broad fish tapeworm and only operculated tapeworm infecting humans

Diphyllobothriasis

Disease caused by Diphyllobothrium latum

Operculated egg

Egg with a lid-like opening called an operculum

Broad tapeworm

Common name of Diphyllobothrium latum

Paratenic host

Transport host in which no development occurs

Spoon-shaped scolex

Scolex shape of Diphyllobothrium latum

Rosette-like uterus

Dark coiled uterus seen in mature proglottids of Diphyllobothrium latum

Unembryonated ova

Eggs passed without developed embryos

Coracidium

Ciliated larval stage ingested by freshwater copepods

Freshwater copepods

First intermediate host of Diphyllobothrium latum

Procercoid larva

Larval stage with 3 hooklets in the cercomer

Cercomer

Posterior structure bearing hooklets in the procercoid larva

Plerocercoid larva

Infective larval stage found in fish

Sparganum

Another name for plerocercoid larva

Hyperchromic megaloblastic anemia

Anemia caused by Diphyllobothrium latum due to vitamin B12 deficiency

Thrombocytopenia

Decrease in platelet count

Leukopenia

Decrease in white blood cell count

Sparganosis

Disease caused by sparganum larvae in humans

Mechanical obstruction

Blockage caused by large numbers of worms

DFS

Direct fecal smear used for diagnosis

Kato technique

Stool concentration method for detecting helminth eggs

Pernicious anemia

Anemia associated with absence of HCl production

Achlorhydria

Absence of hydrochloric acid in gastric juice

Megaloblastic anemia

Anemia with normal HCl production but enlarged RBC precursors

Echinococcus granulosus

Species causing cystic echinococcosis

Echinococcus multilocularis

Species causing alveolar echinococcosis

Echinococcosis

Disease caused by larval stage of Echinococcus

Hydatid cyst

Larval cystic stage of Echinococcus

Unilocular hydatid cyst

Single-chambered cyst caused by Echinococcus granulosus

Alveolar hydatid cyst

Multichambered invasive cyst caused by Echinococcus multilocularis

Central vesiculation

Process by which hydatid cysts are formed

Laminated hyaline layer

Outer protective layer of the hydatid cyst

Germinal layer

Inner nucleated layer producing protoscolices

Protoscolex

Immature scolex inside the hydatid cyst

Acetabula

Suckers on the scolex used for attachment

Pyriform scolex

Pear-shaped scolex of Echinococcus

Taeniid eggs

Eggs resembling those of Taenia species

Canines

Definitive hosts of Echinococcus species