oral radiology ch 28 quiz

cortical bone

• the dense outer layer of bone

  • appears radiopaque on an image

cancellous bone

• the soft, spongy bone located between two layers of dense cortical bone

• appears primarily radiolucent

  • trabeculae appears radiopaque, narrow spaces appear radiolucent

process

• marked prominence or projection

ridge

• linear prominence or projection

spine

• sharp, thornlike projection

tubercle

• small bump or nodule

tuberosity

• rounded prominence 

canal

tubelike passageway through bone that contains nerves and blood vessel

foramen

opening or hole that permits the passage of nerves and blood vessels

fossa

broad, shallow, scooped-out, or depressed area

sinus

hollow space, cavity or recess

septum

• a bony wall or partition that divides two spaces or cavities

  • radiopaque

suture

• an immovable joint representing a line of union between adjoining bones of the skull

  • a thin radiolucent line

median palatal suture

• the immovable joint between the two palatine processes of the maxilla

• a thin radiolucent line between the maxillary central incisors

lateral fossa

• also known as the canine fossa

• smooth depressed area of the maxilla located just inferior and medial to the infraorbital foramen between the canine and lateral incisor

humulus

• a small hooklike projection of bone extending from the medial pterygoid plate of the sphenoid bone

  • a radiopaque hooklike projection posterior to the maxillary tuberosity area

zygomatic process of the maxilla

• A bony projection of the maxilla that articulates with the zygoma or malar bone

• A J or U shaped radiopacity located superior to the maxillary first molar region

the mandible

• the largest and strongest bone of the face

• divided into the

  • ramus

  • body

  • alveolar process

ramus

vertical portion found posterior to the third molar

body

horizontal u shaped portion from ramus to ramusa

alveolar process

encases and supports the teeth

nutrient canals

• most often seen in anterior mandible

• tubelike passageways through bone containing nerves and blood vessels that supply the teeth

• vertical radiolucent lines readily seen in areas of thin bone

mental ridge

• a linear prominence of cortical bone located on the external surface of the anterior portion of the mandible

• a thick radiopaque band that extend from the premolar region to the incisor region

• often appears superimposed over the mandibular anterior teeth

mylohyoid ridge

• a linear prominence of bone located on the internal surface of the mandible

• a dense radiopaque band that extends downward and forward from the molar region

external oblique ridge

• a radiopaque band extending downward and forward from the anterior border of the ramus of the mandible

• a linear prominence of bone located on the external surface of the body of the mandible

anterior border of the ramus

• anterior border of the ramus extends vertically downward from the coronoid process to the external oblique ridge

• appears slightly radiopaque

coronoid process

• does not show up on any mandibular radiographs but the only triangular process of the mandible to be seen on maxillary radiographs

  • a marked prominence of bone on the anterior ramus of the mandible