Roman republic

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Last updated 5:04 PM on 12/13/22
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104 Terms

1
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The people of Rome were a part of what group of people? and where did they settle?
the Latin group and they settled in central Italy
2
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What did the city of Rome start out as?
a series of villages spread across the seven hills
3
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Nickname of Rome
Eternal city
4
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3 most important hills
Capitoline hill, Palatine hill, Aventine hill
5
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Capitoline hill was what center
political and religion center
6
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Palatine hill was what center
Rich center
7
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Aventine hill was what center
Comercial center where all the goods come and where all the poor live
8
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What 2 classes were the roman society organized in
Patricians and Plebeian
9
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Patricians were
rich landowners and government officials
10
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Plebeians were
poorer, more numerous citizens
11
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First part of the Roman name
Prenomen- Given name
12
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Sec part of the Roman name
Nomen-Clan name
13
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Last part of the Roman name
Cognomen- Nickname or branch name of family
14
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Rome is initially a what?
A monarchy
15
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The king of Rome was?
Lucius Taraquinius Superbus
16
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Who was the King of rome’s son?
Sextus Taraquinius Superbus
17
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Who was Sextus’s cousin?
Lucius Taraquinius Collatinus
18
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Who was Lucius Collantinus wife?
Lucretia
19
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What did Sextus do to lucretia?
he rapes her
20
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What did lucretia do after she was raped?
she killed herself
21
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why did lucretia kill herself?
to gain her honor back
22
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Who threw out the last king of Rome?
Lucius taraquinius brutus- a patrician family
23
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Who was the last king of Rome?
Lucius taraquinius superbus
24
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The romans will have intense hate for what?
Kingship and tyrants
25
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Modern day Southern France and Northern Italy destroys all of what?
Roman records and burns their city to the ground
26
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Where did the halts romans expand?
North of po valley
27
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The roman republic was a what?
Oligarchy
28
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What is a Oligarchy
a form of power structure in which power rests with a small group of people
29
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Most senators came from what kind of family?
Patrician family
30
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Ages for each position
Questor-30, Aedile-36, Praetor-39, Consul-42
31
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The senate heavily favored who?
Rich minority
32
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What does Dignitas mean?
Clout or fame
33
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What did the Plebeians fight for?
more rights
34
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What is the twelve tablets?
written law code that the plebeians forced the patrician senate to create
35
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Tribune of the plebs
officer who could veto any decision of the senate
36
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How long was the term for Consuls?
1 year
37
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What did the Consuls do?
They led romes armies against its enemies
38
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what would the senate do in times of extreme crisis
they would elect a dictator
39
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A dictator had control of what?
The government and armies
40
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How long was a dictators term?
6 months
41
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In the early republic roman culture taught that
all citizens must put the republic first
42
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Case in point
Gaius mucius scaevole
43
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City of clusium mentality
Lars Porsena
44
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The roman army was known as
Legions and they were citizen soldiers
45
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3 things that make Rome awsome
Rome's mentality, Rome's out of the box thinking, Romes almost unlimited supply of soldiers,
46
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SPR means
Senatus Populusque Romanus
47
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Whats the symbol that represents rome?
SPR
48
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Velites
Very poor, no equipment, 10,000 of them in the army, owned no land
49
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Eqvites
Horse warrior, 300 of them in the army, really good equipment, but not better than triarii
50
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Triarii
Best land, Greater equipment, most experiance, 60 of them in army
51
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Principles
Good amount of land, better equipment than Hastati, Had some experiance, 1,200 of them in army.
52
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Hastati
Bare minimum of land, least amount of experiance, 1,200 of them in the army, poor equipment
53
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What order did the maniple go in?
the velites; the hastati; the principes; the triarii on top; and the Eqvites on the sides
54
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If you count all the troops in the Manipular “Polybian” Legion there  would be
4,300 troops.
55
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Rome wages wars to dominate italy during the
4th century 400-300 B.C.E and made deals with neighboring cities
56
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in 275 B.C.E the Greek cities of southern italy called who for help against roman aggression?
Pyrrhus of Epirus
57
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Still in 275 B.C.E pyrrhus was forced to do what?
end the fight
58
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Why did pyrrhus end the fight against the Romans?
because each fight he lost more and more soldiers
59
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Pyrrhic victory-
A fight that cost too much for the winner
60
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Romans expand outside of italy and make contact with who?
The Carthage
61
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The Carthage was founded by
Phoenicians (From modern day Lebanon)
62
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Carthage gained independence in
650 B.C.E
63
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Carthage made advances in
Maritime (Sea) travel
64
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.Carthage became a major power in the
Mediterranean
65
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Carthage had the same government make up as
the Romans
66
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Carthage worshiped who
Phoenician gods and Native north african gods
67
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Why did Carthage and Rome go to war? (First Punic war)
over the island of sicily
68
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Corvus
A big ladder/ bridge on a boat
69
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When Carthage lost they were forced to give up what?
the islands of sicily, sardinia, and corsica
70
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The only successful Carthage leader was?
Hamilar Barca
71
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How did the Sec Punic war start?
invasion of Italy
72
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Who led the invasion of italy
Hannibal Barca
73
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Battle of trebia
Sec Punic war between Carthage and Rome
74
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Who loses at the Battle of trebia
Romans with the loss of 27,000 troops
75
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Who loses at the battle of lake Trasimene
Romans with the loss of 30,000 troops
76
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Quintus Fabius Maximus Verrucosus
Roman Politician who was named dictator
77
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Quintus Fabius Maximus Verrucosus refused to meet who in battle?
Hannibal
78
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Where did Quintus Fabius Maximus Verrucosus attacked instead of meeting Hannibal?
Places where Hannibal wasn’t
79
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Quintus Fabius Maximus Verrucosus was nicknamed
Cuncator (The Delayer)
80
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216 B.C.E elected 2 consuls
Varro and Paulus
81
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Who lose at the Battle of Cannae
Romans with the loss of 80,000 troops
82
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Romans Choose to invade
lberia
83
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liberia was conquered by who
Publius Cornelius Scipio
84
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Scipio invades North of
Africa
85
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Battle of Zama was fought were?
Northern africa
86
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Scipio Defeats want general
Hannibal Barca
87
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what was Scipio’s new cognomen after he defeats Hannibal
Africanus
88
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What harsh punishments did the Romans have on the Carthage
They had to pay a lot of money,

They loss all their land except the area surrounding their city,

They couldn’t raise an army or navy without Rome’s approval

And they had to hand over Hannibal
89
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Marcus Claudius Marcellus was born in what kind of family
Plebian
90
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Marcus Claudius Marcellus was awarded the cognomen
Marcellus (Meaning unknown)
91
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Marcus Claudius Marcellus was the 3rd roman to be awarded what
the spolla optima
92
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Marcus Claudius Marcellus was the first to be
Historically Verified
93
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Marcus Claudius Marcellus was known for
his brutal treatment of conquered areas
94
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Marcus Claudius Marcellus was the only general to fight who and not lose?
Hannibal Barca
95
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How was Marcus Claudius Marcellus killed
ambushed by carthaginian forces
96
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Marcus Claudius Marcellus was given an honorable funeral by
Hannibal himself
97
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Rome was now the greatest power in
the mediterranean
98
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Rome conquers all of what
Greece
99
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Rome Subdues or inherits
western Anatolia
100
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Sec punic war and aftermath brings a lot of what culture to Rome
Greek culture