Bio ship minor test 2
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8 Terms
What is a cell?
The smallest structural and functional unit of life, capable of independent existence and reproduction, made of protoplasm and surrounded by a cell membrane.
Who discovered the nucleus?
Robert Brown in 1831.
What are the three main postulates of cell theory?
- All living organisms are composed of cells. 2. The cell is the basic unit of life. 3. All cells arise from pre-existing cells.
What is the difference between diffusion and osmosis?
Diffusion involves any molecules moving from high to low concentration; osmosis is specifically the movement of water through a semi-permeable membrane from low to high solute concentration.
What are prokaryotic cells?
Cells without a true nucleus, having naked DNA in a nucleoid, no membrane-bound organelles, and generally smaller size (1–10 µm).
Eukaryotic cells
Characteristics:
True nucleus with nuclear membrane
DNA enclosed inside nucleus
Membrane-bound organelles present
Larger and more complex
Ribosomes are 80S
Examples:
Plants
Animals
Difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells
Feature
Prokaryotic Cell
Eukaryotic Cell
Nucleus
Absent
Present
DNA
Naked
Enclosed
Organelles
Absent
Present
Size
Small
Large
Ribosomes
70S
80S