Bacterial Diversity

For firmicutes what is the morphology and metabolism

Gram positive, cocci/bacilli,some form endospores, mollicutes (mycoplasma sp)

aerobic, some obligate aerobes, anaerobes, facultative anaerobes

For firmicutes what are the ecological roles, habitats, and some examples of this phylum

used in probiotics and also found in yogurt (lactobacillus acidophilus), causes strep throat and infection (streptococcus pyogenes)

Some are pathogens, some are found in intestinal tract of animals, deep vents and ocean floor, soil and water examples: B. anthrax (Toxin causes flaccid paralysis) B. thuringiensis B. subtilis C. botulinum C. tetani (toxin is spastic paralysis) C. difficile Lactobacilli sp.,Streptococcus pyogenes Staphylococcus aureus, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Listeria monocytogenes

For chlamydia what is the morphology and metabolism

Elementary body-small, spherical, rigid, nonmotile, and for extracellular dissemination. Reticulate body-two trilaminar membranes, cell wall, cytoplasmic membrane

anaerobic

For chlamydia what are the ecological roles, habitats, and some examples of this phylum

intracellular pathogens (two genera)

. Chlamydia trachomacis and chlamidophila pneumoniae

(same for the habitats and examples)

For bacteroidetes what is the morphology and metabolism

gram negative, gliding motility( moving across surfaces without the use of flagella)

obligate anaerobe

For bacteriodetes what are the ecological roles, habitats, and some examples of this phylum

beneficial bacterium in animal guts, helps to stimulate immune cells and helps with degradation of organic molecules

Found in microbiomes of animals, located in environment (soil, water, ocean vents

Bacteroides fragilis, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron

For Proteobacteria what is the morphology and metabolism

rods, cocci, spirals, varied colony morphology

Diverse chemoheterotrophs, chemoautrophs, photoheterotrophs, photoautotrophs, aerobic, anaerobic, facultative anaerobe

For proteobacteria what are the ecological roles, habitats, and some examples of this phylum

nitrogen fixation, sulfur cycling, pathogens, symbionts

soil, water, animal guts, diverse environments

examples:Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Rhizobium, Helicobacter pylori

For Spirochaetes what is the morphology and metabolism

gram negative, long, thin, spiral corkshaped, motile due to internal flagella in the space between inner and outer membrane

most are facultative anaerobes

For spirochaetes what are the ecological roles, habitats, and some examples of this phylum

some are pathogens and some help break down organic matter

found in human and animal bodies, aquatic environments such as blood, lymph, water. Digestive tracts of humans mammals and insects

treponema pallidum, Borrelia burgoderfi, leptospira interrogans

For actinobacteria what is the morphology and metabolism

filamentous branching, high GC content,, diverse colony morphology

chemoheterotrophs, divrse metabollic capabilities

For actinobacteria what are the ecological roles, habitats, and some examples of this phylum

decomposition antiobiotic production, soil health, pathogens

soil, freshwater, marine, human/animal host

Anabaena, Synechococcus, Oscillatoria

For chlorobi what is the morphology and metabolism

rods, cocci, green/brown pigmented colonies

photoautotrophs, anaerobic,

For chlorobi what are the ecological roles, habitats, and some examples of this phylum

sulfur cycling, primary producers in anoxic environment, sulfur springs,

chlorobium, chlorobaculum

For deep branching thermophiles what is the morphology and metabolism

rods, filaments, varied colonies,

chemoautotrophs, chemoheterotrophs, thermophilic/hyperthermophilic

For chlorobi what are the ecological roles, habitats, and some examples of this phylum

sulfur reduction, iron oxidation, primary producers in extreme environments,

hot springs, hydrothermal vents, geothermal areas

thermotoga, aquifex, deinococcus

For planctomycetes what is the morphology and metabolism

ovoid, budding, unique cell structure, compartmentalization

chemoheterotrophs, some anaerobic ammonium oxidation

For planctomycetes what are the ecological roles, habitats, and some examples of this phylum

Nitrogen cycling, particle degradation, symbionts

aquatic environments, marine sediments, sewage treatment

planctomyces, gemmata, obscuriglobus

For acidobateria what is the morphology and metabolism

rod shaped, often slow growing colonies, chemoheterotrophs often slow growing colonies

chemoheterotrophs, diverse metabollic capabilities

For acidobacteria what are the ecological roles, habitats, and some examples of this phylum

soil decomposition, nutrient cycling, metal tolerance,

acidic soils, diverse terrestrial environments,

acidobacterium, granulicella

For nitrospirae what is the morphology and metabolism

spiral shaped, rod shaped, varied colonies

chemoautotrophs (nitrite oxidation)

For nitrobacteria what are the ecological roles, habitats, and some examples of this phylum

nitrogen cycling, nitrate to nitrite

aquatic environments, wastewater treatment,

nitrospira, leptospirillum