Plant Test Review

A collection of vocabulary flashcards for plant biology concepts and terms to aid in exam preparation.

Plasmodesmata

Intercellular channels in plants that allow for the transport of materials between cells.

Stomata

Tiny openings on the leaf surface that enable gas exchange and transpiration.

Apical meristem

A region of actively dividing cells at the tips of roots and stems.

Vascular cambium

A layer of tissue in plants that enables secondary growth by producing xylem and phloem.

Translocation

The process of moving nutrients and sugars through the phloem of a vascular plant.

Cuticle

A protective, waxy layer on the surface of leaves that helps prevent water loss.

Guard cells

Specialized cells that control the opening and closing of stomata.

Xylem

Plant vascular tissue responsible for the transport of water and nutrients from roots to shoots.

Phloem

Plant vascular tissue responsible for the transport of sugars and organic compounds.

Gravitropism

The growth response of a plant to gravity.

Auxins

Plant hormones that regulate growth and promote elongation in response to light.

Gibberellins

Plant hormones that promote stem elongation, seed germination, and flowering.

Ethylene

A plant hormone that promotes fruit ripening and leaf abscission.

Bryophytes

Non-vascular plants that reproduce via spores; includes mosses and liverworts.

Gametophyte

The haploid stage of a plant's life cycle that produces gametes.

Sporophyte

The diploid stage of a plant's life cycle that produces spores.

Cohesion-tension theory

Explains the process of water movement through plants based on the cohesive properties of water.