Unit 3 – Hospitality & Interior Design

Line

Created by connecting multiple points, possessing length and direction, and serving as the primary tool to guide the viewer's eye

Horizontal Lines

Calmness, stability, and rest.

Vertical Lines

Strength, height, grandeur.

Diagonal Lines

Action, dynamic energy, movement.

Curved Lines

Comfort, softness, organic naturalism

Shape

A two-dimensional closed contour with height and width.

Form

Adds the third dimension of depth.

Geometric Shapes

Precise, mathematical, structured.

Organic Shapes

Free-form, natural, irregular

Form Generation

Flat 2D contours expanding into 3D objects with volume

Color

The eye's reaction to different wavelengths of light used to generate emotions and build visual interest.

Hue

The color name

Value

Lightness or darkness of a color.

Saturation

Purity of a color.

Analogous

Adjacent colors on the wheel

Complementary

Opposite colors on the wheel.

Triadic

Three evenly spaced colors on the wheel.

Space

The field and distance between, around, and within objects

Positive Space

Active subjects or physical objects in a composition.

Negative Space

Empty background area surrounding objects.

Illusion of Depth

Manipulating perspective to make environments feel expansive or intimate.

Balance

Principle of visual equilibrium ensuring no single part overwhelms the rest.

Symmetrical (Formal) Balance

Elements mirrored on a central axis. Stable and traditional.

Asymmetrical (Dynamic) Balance

Unequal elements achieve equilibrium through visual weight. Modern and active.

Radial Balance

Elements radiate from a central point.

Emphasis

creation of the focal point that drew attention

Value Contrast

juxtaposing extreme light and dark

Scale and Contrast

Drastically altering the size of an element

Isolation

Forcing attention by surrounding a single element

Movement

Visual flow through a design using repeating elements to guide the viewer's eye.

Pattern & Repetition

Regular reuse of objects to create consistency.

Visual Pathways

Guiding the eye across lines, shapes, and elements intentionally

Rhythm

Repeating or alternating elements to create movement.

Composition Matrix

Shows how design principles work together to create cohesion or visual interest.

Unity

Connecting all design elements into one whole.

Variety

Using different elements to avoid boredom and add interest.

Harmonious Proportion

Elements relate appropriately in size to create order.

Unbalanced Proportion

Intentional disproportions used to create visual tension.

Proportion

Relative size relationship between parts of a design.

Scale

The size of an object compared to its surroundings.