8 Nasal Cavity and Pharynx

What are the regions of the nasal cavity and pharynx

Nasal vestibule

Nasal chambers

Nasal sinuses

Nasal pharynx

What are the contents of the nasal cavity

Concha

Meatus

Auditory tube

Innervations of the nasal cavity and pharynx

Olfactory nerve branches

-anterior ethmoidal

-internal nasal

-external nasal

Trigeminal

-posterior nasal

-nasopalatine

Facial

Blood supply to the nasal cavity and pharynx

Maxillary artery and it's branches

What are the divisions of the concha

Superior nasal concha

Middle nasal concha

Inferior nasal concha

What portion of the nasal conchas are part of the ethmoid bone

Superior nasal concha

Middle nasal concha

What are the meatus names

Inferior meatus

Middle meatus

Lateral meatus

Location of inferior meatus

Under inferior nasal concha

What is between the sphenoid sinus and superior nasal concha

Sphenoethmoidal recess

Names of the nasal air sinuses

Frontal

Maxillary

Sphenoid

Ethmoid

What inner ages the nasal air sinuses

Branches of nasocilliary of V1 and V2

T/F: We are born with nasal sinuses

False

What opens into the inferior meatus

Nasolacrimal canal

What opens into the middle meatus

Frontonasal duct

Hiatus semilunaris

Openings of anterior ethmoidal air cells

What opens into the superior meatus

Openings of sphenoid sinuses and posterior ethmoidal air cells

What are the openings into the nasal region

Inferior meatus

Middle meatus

Superior meatus

Auditory tube

What is another name for the superior meatus

Sphenoethmoidal recess

What are the sensory nerves of the nasal chamber

Olfactory (CN I)

Ophthalmic branch of Trigeminal (CNV)

-Nasocilliary —> anterior and posterior ethmoidal —> Internal nasal

Maxillary branch of trigeminal (CN V)

-Pterygopalatine —> Superior, middle, and inferior posterior nasal

—> Nasopalatine

What are the motor nerves of the nasal chamber

Facial (CN VII)

-Greater Petrosal —> Parasympathetic preganglionic synapsing in pterygopalatine ganglion

—> All postganglionic fibers joint maxillary branches to mucosal glands

What is the opening to the maxillary sinus

Hiatus semilunaris

What connects to the sphenoid sinus

Sphenoethmoidal recess

Sensory nerves of the nasal chamber

Olfactory (CN I)

Ophthalmic division of Trigeminal (CN V)

- Anterior and posterior ethmoidal

--Internal nasal

Maxillary division of Trigenimal (CN V)

-Pterygopalatine

--Superior, middle, and inferior posterior nasal

--Nasopalatine

--Pharyngeal

Motor nerves of the nasal chamber

Facial (CN VII)

-Greater petrosal

What are the components of olfactory n. (CN I)

SSA

SVA

What are the components of internal nasal

GSA

What are the components of pterygopalatine and its branches giving sensory innervation to the nasal chamber

GSA

What are the components of greater petrosal nerve

GVE

How does the vestibule of the nose send information back to the brain

Ophthalmic division of trigeminal (CN V)

How does the posterior nasal space send information back to the brain

Maxillary division of trigeminal (CN V)

What nerve is produced when the great petrosal and deep petrosal nerves merge

Vidian n.

What is the deep petrosal nerve getting its innervation from

Cervical spinal ganglion

Which nerve contributing to the vidian nerve is post ganglionic sympathetic

Deep petrosal n.

What synapses at the pterygopalatine ganglion

Greater petrosal nerve

What are the components of the pterygopalatine ganglion

GVE

What areteries supply the nasal chamber

Branches off ophthalmic artery and maxiallary artery

What does the maxillary artery supply

Nasal cavity

Lower dentition via inferior alveolar a.

What muscles make up the posterior pharyngeal wall

Constrictor muscles

Salpingopharyngeus

Palatopharyngeus

Stylopharyngeus

What are the posterior pharyngeal wall muscles derived from

Branchial arches

What is the function of the constrictor muscles

Peristaltic waves as food enters

Nervous components for the constrictor muscles

SVE

GSA

Nervous components for salpingopharyngeus m.

SVE

GSA

GVE

Origin of superior pharyngeal constrictor m.

Medial pterygoid plate

Pterygomandibular raphe

Insertion of superior pharyngeal constrictor m.

Occipital bone

Pharyngeal raphe

Innervation of superior pharyngeal constrictor m.

Pharyngeal plexus

Origin of middle pharyngeal constrictor m.

Greater and lesser horns of hyoid

Stylohyoid ligament

Insertion of middle pharyngeal constrictor m.

Pharyngeal raphe

Innervation of middle pharyngeal constrictor m.

Pharyngeal plexus (CN IX and CN X)

Origin of inferior pharyngeal constrictor m.

Thyroid

Cricoid cartilage

Insertion of inferior pharyngeal constrictor m.

Pharyngoesophageal junction

Midline raphe

Innervation of inferior pharyngeal constrictor m.

CN X

Origin of stylopharygeus m.

Styloid process

Insertion of stylopharyngeus m.

Posterior pharyngeal wall

Superior boarder of thyroid cartilage

Innervation of stylopharyngeus m.

CN IX

What is stylopharyngeus m. derived from

3rd branchial arch

What is the nerve of the 3rd branchial arch

CN IX

Origin of salpingopharyngeus m.

Anteromedial auditory tube

Insertion of salpingopharyngeus m.

Superior border of thyroid

Posterior pharyngeal wall

Innervation of salpingopharyngeus m.

Pharyngeal plexus (CN IX and CN X)

Origin of palatopharyngeus m.

Posterior margin of palatine bone

Insertion of palatopharyngeus m.

Posertior border of thyroid cartilage

Innervation of palatopharyngeus m.

Pharyngeal plexus (CN IX and CN X)

What are the pharyngeal muscles

Superior constrictor m.

Middle constrictor m.

Inferior constrictor m.

Stylopharyngeus m.

Salpingopharyngeus m.

Palatopharyngeus m.

Levator palatini m.

Tensor palatini m.

Palatoglossus m.

Origin of levator palatini m.

Petrous temporal

Medial of auditory tube

Insertion of levator palatini m.

Muscles and fascia of soft palate

Innervation of levator palatini m.

Pharyngeal plexus (CN IX and CN X)

Origin of tensor palatini m.

Scaphoid fossa

Lateral of auditory tube

Insertion of tensor palatini m.

Lateral corner of soft palate

Innervation of tensor palatini m.

Mandibular branch of trigeminal n. (CN V)

What does palatoglossus derive from

4th or 6th pharyngeal arch

Origin of palatoglossus m.

Palatine aponeurosis

Insertion of palatoglossus m.

Lateral posterior tongue

Innervation of palatoglossus m.

Pharyngeal plexus

What hard structures make up the nasal septum

Vomer

Nasal septal cartilage

What covers the visceral muscles of the pharynx

Mucosa