Alterations in Hematologic Function

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts related to hematologic function and disorders.

Thrombosis

The formation of a blood clot within a blood vessel.

Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)

A condition where a blood clot forms in a deep vein, often in the legs.

Pulmonary Embolism (PE)

A blockage in one of the pulmonary arteries in the lungs caused by blood clots that travel to the lungs.

Virchow’s Triad

The three factors contributing to blood clot formation: endothelial injury, stasis of blood flow, and hypercoagulability.

Anticoagulants

Medications that prevent blood clotting.

Hypercoagulability

An increased tendency of blood to clot, often due to genetic factors or medications.

Peripheral blood smear

A laboratory test used to identify abnormal blood cell shapes.

Sickle Cell Anemia

A genetic disorder characterized by abnormal hemoglobin S, leading to the formation of sickle-shaped red blood cells.

Aplastic Anemia

A condition where the bone marrow fails to produce sufficient red blood cells.

Anemia

A condition characterized by insufficient red blood cells or hemoglobin to meet the body's oxygen demand.

Iron Deficiency Anemia

Anemia resulting from insufficient iron to produce hemoglobin.

D-dimer test

A blood test that measures the presence of clotting activity; elevated levels can indicate blood clots.

Post-thrombotic syndrome

Long-term complications of DVT characterized by leg swelling and pain.

Hemolytic Anemia

Anemia caused by the destruction of red blood cells faster than they are produced.

Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia

Anemia caused by insufficient vitamin B12, leading to abnormal red blood cell production.

Folate deficiency anemia

Anemia resulting from inadequate folate leading to impaired red blood cell production.

Ultrasound

A diagnostic imaging technique commonly used to diagnose DVT.

Thrombolytics

Medications used to dissolve blood clots, especially in severe cases.

Echocardiography

An imaging test that uses sound waves to assess heart function.

Compression stockings

Garments worn on the legs to prevent DVT by improving blood flow.

Chronic disease anemia

Anemia commonly associated with chronic illness causing inflammation.

Venography

A rare diagnostic test that visualizes veins to detect blood clots.