AP Bio Review

all living organisms are made of cells, the cell is the basic unit of life, all cells come from preexisting cells

cell theory

cells are so small to maintain a ______ surface area to volume ratio

high

the effectiveness of a cell obtaining resources, eliminating waste products, acquire or dissipate thermal energy and exchange chemicals and energy with the environment depends on the

surface area to volume ratio

increase in cell size would cause a _____ to the surfae area-to-volume ratio

decrease

All cells contain

cell membrane, cytosol, ribosomes, and DNA

cells with circular chromosomes and DNA plasmids that lack organelles but have internal regions with specialized structures

prokaryotes

______ cells are single celled organisms

prokaryotic

cells that have a linear chromosome contained within a membrane bound nucleus with organelles that carry out functions

eukaryotic cells

plant and animal cells are examples of ____ cells

eukaryotic

having a variety of membrane bound structures, known as organelles that carry out specialized functions

compartmentalization

mitochondria and chloroplasts formed as the result of the formation of internal symbiotic relationships between larger eukaryotic cells and smaller free living prokaryotic cells

endosymbiotic theory