CHYS 2P10 Child Development: Lecture 6 – Intelligence

These flashcards encompass key concepts and definitions from the lecture about intelligence, its measurement, and related theories.

Intelligence

A trait or set of traits on which individuals differ.

Binet-Simon test

An early test developed to determine intelligence in terms of mental age.

Mental Age

A score reflecting the child's intellectual level based on performance relative to age.

Intelligence Quotient (IQ)

A measure calculated as mental age divided by chronological age, multiplied by 100.

WAIS-III

An adult intelligence test version of the Wechsler scales.

WISC-III

A child intelligence test version of the Wechsler scales.

General Intelligence (g)

The concept that a single underlying factor influences performance on intelligence tests.

Specific Intelligence (s)

Skills that apply directly to problem solving in specific tasks.

Fluid Intelligence (gf)

The ability to think logically and solve problems in novel situations, independently of acquired knowledge.

Crystallized Intelligence (gc)

The ability to use learned knowledge and experience.

The Flynn Effect

The observed rise in IQ scores over time in populations, often due to environmental factors.

Cumulative Deficit Hypothesis

The idea that cumulative environmental disadvantages can negatively affect IQ scores.

Gardner’s Theory of Multiple Intelligences

A theory proposing that there are several distinct types of intelligence.

Bayley Scales of Infant Development

A tool used to assess developmental functioning in infants aged 2 to 30 months.

Motivational Factors

Elements that influence test performance, including the testing environment and examiner characteristics.

Cultural Test Bias Hypothesis

The theory that IQ tests may favor certain cultural or linguistic backgrounds.

Reading Acquisition

The process of learning to read, which involves various skills and approaches.

Dyslexia

A specific learning disability that affects reading, typically despite average intelligence.

Matthew Effect

The phenomenon where those who are successful at reading are more likely to succeed in writing.