MENTAL HEALTH

Deviant (unjustifiable)

being different from most people that share your culture (hearing voices)

Distress(disturbing)

person feels like there is something wrong about them more then average(failure everywhere)

Dysfunction (MALADAPTIVE)

does it interfere with normal day to day life (threat to themselves or others)

Biopsychosocial approach

nature nurture

diathesis stress model

preexisting factors vs current state

Psychodynamic

unconcious, repressed memories, defense mechsnisms, childhood

Humanistic

self concept, choose paths, unconditional postive regard, self actualization

Behavioral

conditioning, postive negative conditioning, reinforcment, punishmant, observed learning

Cognative

problem solving, interpreting, maladaptive thoughts, attitudes, beliefs

Biological

neurotransmitters, brain parts , hormons, genetics

Evolutionary

natural selection, passed down, offspreing, survival

sociocultural

social norms, cultural factors , dynamics, norms

Characteristics of Anxiety

severity: worst in the ward

probability: definatly happening

Efficacy: not cable to handle it

Generalized Anxiety disorder

Free-floating:not limited to one stressor or threat

impending doom

Panic disorder

sudden with no trigger

fear of fear

piles on top of each other

Ataque De Nervious

type of panic disorder that is culture bound within the caribbean or iberian descent

Agoraphobia

not afriad of outside

afraid of leaving the house having a panic attack and having no help

phobias

specific

acrophobia(heights)

arachnophobia(spiders)

Social anxiety disorder

avoid situations of doing something embarrising

Taijin Kyofusho

social anxiety about ones apperience

leading to socail withdrawl

OCD

obsession compulsive

need to organized

serotonin imbalance

Obsession VS COmpulsion

obs: repetitive thoughts- unwanted and unending

compu: reaction to thoughts→ they become rewards that limit anxiety

Hoarding Disorder

difficulty parting with possesions regardless of value

ptsd

any traumatic experiences

intrustive thoughts

avoidence of event

increased arousal

Biological causes of anxiety disorders

lack of serotonin

Biological causes of OCD

lack of gaba

increase of glutamate

lack of serotonin

Major depressive disorder

extreme + diagnosiable

5 or more symptoms lasting 2 or more weeks

depresive mood and loss of pleasure

persistent depressive disorder

experience a despressive mood on most days for more then 2 years

chronic

Mild depressive disorder

will go away

depression symptoms

feelings of hopelessness

changes in appitite

difficulty thinking

loss of pleasure

bipolar disorders

no serotonin or norepinephrine

norepinephrine causes mood swings

switches between mania and depression

Bipolar 1

most severe

mania over depression

euphoric talkative ambitions

last weeks

Mania

mad excitement

energy level

bad judgement

blur of speech

Bipolar 2

less severe

more depression

Cyclothymia

moderate bpd

Biological causes of Depressive disorders

serotonin (mood/sleep), dopamine (motivation), and norepinephrine (attention)

Psychotic disorders

they dont know they have this disorder, out of touch with society

Schizophrenia postive symptoms

hallucinations

persecution delusions

grandeur delusions

word salad

catatonic excitement

Schizophrenia negative symtoms

flat effect

catatonic stupor

flat effect vs catatonic stupor

emotionless vs motionless

Acute vs Chronic

ACUTE: postive smytoms - you can be cured begins at any age

CHronic: negative Symptoms- slow to develope, adolescenese, episodes last longer, loose emotions and behaviors

Geneitc causes of schizo

to much dopamine

prenatal enviornment: low birth rate, diabetes, etc

flu during birth

genetic marker

Dissociative disorders

controversal group of disorders characterize by a disruption of conciousness

DID

lapses in memory

core + 2 other people

Dissociative Amnesia

experience memory gaps

local:event period

selective: specific aspect

generalized: new identity

Dissociative Amnesia with Fugue

confusion over personal identity

often assumes a partial/complete identity

flight from home

Cluster A

odd, eccentric

Cluster B

Dramatic emotional and erratic

CLuster C

anxious and fearful

Paranoid

distrust, suspiciousness

Schizoid

void of others independent

schizotypal

discomfront in close relationships

indifference to others

magical thinking

social discomfort

Histrionic

peoples attention, unstable,extreme emotional expression,

Narcissistic

already amazomg, grandiosirty, admiration seeking behavior

boarderline

impulsive, suicidal, unstable relationships, bad self image

antisocial

sociopath

villian

avoidant

want to be apart of a group but is too shy

sensitive to criticism

dependant

need others

obsessive compulsive

perfection and control

Anorexia nervosa

maintains starvation diet despite being underweight

Bulimia Nervosa

binge eating followed with purging

Specific learning disorders

chronic difficulties perceving anfd processing info

ADHD

extreme inattention hyperactivity and impulsiveness

use stimulants

ASD

limits communication and social interaction

fixed interest and repetitive behaviors