Physical Science Final Exam Study Guide - Chapter 14
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17 Terms
What is the scientific definition for work?
the transfer of energy to or from an object by applying a force that causes the object to move.
What conditions must be met for “work” to be done on an object?
A force must be applied and an object has to move in the same direction as the applied force.
Give examples of work being done on an object.
Lifting your backpack, carrying a box up the stairs.
Give examples of no work being done on an object
carrying your backpack while you are walking.
What is a simple machine?
a tool that makes work easier.
What is a compound machine?
two or more simple machines working together. Ex. Ax (lever + wedge)
List the simple machines
Screw, pulley, inclined plane, wedge, lever, wheel and axle.
How can a person increase power?
By increasing the amount of work in a given amount of time, or doing the same amount of work in less time.
What is IMA?
Ideal Mechanical Advantage → Mechanical advantage (MA) with absence of friction.
What is efficiency?
The percentage of work input that becomes work output.
How do you solve for work?
Force • Distance (w=fd) or Power•time (w=p•t)
How do you solve for power?
Work/Time
How do you solve for IMA?
Input Distance/Output Distance
How do you solve for AMA?
Output Force/Input Force
How do you solve for efficiency?
(Work output/work input) • 100
How can you increase the work output of a machine?
By increasing the work input.
What is mechanical advantage?
The number of times that the machine increases the input force.