BIO (2010) - DNA/RNA Questions

What did Rosalind Franklin contribute to the understanding of DNA molecules?

An image indicating the shape of a DNA molecule

The weakness of hydrogen bonds between the bases of DNA allows —

base pairs to separate during transcription and replication

What would most likely result in a change to the current classification of an organism?

Linking the organism to different ancestors through DNA sequencing

In 1950, Erwin Chargaff discovered that the percentage of adenine in DNA equals the percentage of thymine, and that the percentage of cytosine equals the percentage of guanine. This proved invaluable to the eventual discovery of which aspect of DNA?

Structure

Medicine are being produced using recombinant DNA technology. For veterinarians, the use of this DNA technology will result in —

making more treatments available for pets

Scientists classifying modern animals are most likely to compare the —

sequence of the animals' DNA

Which can be used as evidence to support the idea that two different species might have a common ancestor?

Many of their genes are the same.

In eukaryotic cells, the process of transcription occurs in the —

nucleus

Scientists can use genetic information to identify people because it is unique to each person. Which specific characteristic is unique to an individual?

The sequence of DNA nucleotides in cells

-ACGAT-

The base sequence of an RNA strand that complements this DNA base sequence is —

-UGCUA-

The model of DNA used today was proposed by James Watson and Francis Crick in 1953. In this model, what sequence of bases would be complementary to AGCTA?

-TCGAT-

After a culture of cells is allowed to multiply and is viewed through a microscope, the cells are x-rayed with high-energy radiation for less than 1/100th of a second. After the radiation, many newly reproduced cells appear different. What has probably occurred?

mutation

One strand of DNA could be as long as a football field if it were stretched out lengthwise. One of the factors allowing DNA to fit inside the nucleus of a cell is its ability to —

coil tightly around associated proteins

What characteristics do all living things share?

They contain DNA

Tissue samples taken from the heart and stomach of a grasshopper would be expected to have the same —

DNA

What is most responsible for carrying coded information from the nucleus?

mRNA

The process of DNA replication is necessary before a cell —

divides into two cells

Which of the following would most likely change the current classification of two closely related flower species to a single species?

An analysis of the DNA sequence of each species

The parts of DNA that provide the code for proteins are the —

nitrogenous bases

The Human Genome Project was begun in 1988 by scientists from 13 nations as a worldwide effort to understand the sequencing of all of th

It will help find the genes responsible for many diseases.

DNA that is derived from the DNA of two or more different species is called —

recombinant DNA

is a double helix

The picture shows an x-ray diffraction of DNA. The x-ray diffraction of DNA led to the idea that DNA —

Which characteristic do viruses possess in common with living cells?

They contain nucleic acids such as DNA or RNA.

People who have been exposed to excessive radiation often experience mutations. If these mutations only occur in somatic (body) cells, these people may —

experience an increased risk of cancer

What is an example of a genetically engineered organism?

A plant that received external DNA to produce natural insecticides