Path Final: Review Charts

What is pseudomembranous candidiasis?

cheesy white plaques that wipe off

• leaves red, tender surface

• no bleeding

What are characteristics of a thermal burn? theres 2

PAINFUL

• cracked or cratered surface

What are characteristics of an aspirin burn?

PAINFUL

• history of topical aspirin use

What is dentifrice sloughing?

translucent-whitish film that removes with gentle pressure

• string-like

• type of mucositis

What is linea alba?

along occlusal plane of buccal mucosa

What is leukoedema? (+ population)

bilateral milky white buccal mucosa

• disappears when stretched

• Population: African Americans

What is frictional keratosis? (+ common locations)

"callus"

• close to source of irritation -- must be identified

• Common locations: tongue/cheek

What is tobacco pouch keratosis?

corrugated/wrinkled vestibule

• smokeless tobacco use

• biopsy if ulcerated or doesn't heal in 14 days after movement of tobacco

What is reticular lichen planus? (+ population/common location)

Wickham Striae

• usually bilateral

• Population: middle-aged females

• Common location: buccal mucosa (ging/tongue)

What is nicotinic stomatitis? (+ common location)

round white lesion + small red dot in center (inflamed salivary gland)

• pipe/cigar use

• common location: hard palate

What is oral hairy leukoplakia? (+ common location)

seen with EBV, HIV/immunocompromised

• painless

• vertical striations on lateral tongue

What is chronic hyperplastic candidiasis? (+ common locations)

thick plaques

• seen in HIV/immunocompromised

• common locations: buccal mucosa/tongue

What is white spongy nevus? (+ other names, common location, population)

genetic

• Other names: familial white folded dysplasia, cannon disease

• Population: childhood onset, children

• thick, corrugated plaques; usually bilateral

• Common location: buccal mucosa

**GINGIVA/DORSAL TONGUE NEVER AFFECTED**

What is proliferative verrucous leukoplakia? (+ % malignant transformation, population)

• extensive, multiple white corrugated plaques

• NOT associated with risk factors -- 70% malignant change

• must biopsy

• Population: females over 50

What is leukoplakia? (+ high risk sites, population)

well demarcated white plaque that CANNOT be wiped off

• high risk sites: 1) lateral/ventral tongue, 2) floor of mouth/retromolar pad, 3) tonsillar pillar/soft palate (24-42% dysplasia)

• unknown cause

• must biopsy after 14 days

• Population: males over 50

What is oral SCC? (+ high risk sites, population)

irregular shaped white patch with rolled, indurated border

• high risk sites: 1) tongue - most common, 2) floor of mouth, 3) tonsillar pillar/soft palate, 4) lower lip

• population: males over 40

• NON-HEALING ulcer

What is verrucous carcinoma? (+ location, population, assoc. with)

diffuse white (or mixed) pebbly plaque

• common location: vestibule

• population: males over 65

• associated with smokeless tobacco

• slow growth

What is systemic lupus erythematous? (+ oral & skin, population, common locations)

autoimmune disease

• oral lesions = lichenoid appearance

• common locations (oral): buccal mucosa, gingiva, palate

• skin = malar rash

• population: middle-aged females, african americans

What is secondary syphilis? (+ location, bacteria)

mucous patch

• whitish-gray plaque on mucosa

• highly contagious

• bacteria: Treponema pallidum

What is erosive lichen planus? (+ common locations, population)

PAINFUL

• red area surrounded by white striae

• shallow ulcers or desquamative gingivitis

• bilateral

• skin lesions

• common locations: buccal mucosa, gingiva, tongue

• population: middle-aged females

What is acute atrophic candidiasis? (+ other name, common location)

PAINFUL; Antibiotic Sore Mouth

• red, shiny patches

• common location: usually on tongue

• usually surrounded by white flecks

What is erythema migrans? (+ common locations, associated with, other name)

Geographic tongue

• tender, red, atrophic center with prominent white (yellowish) scalloped border

• common locations: usually on dorsal tongue, also ventral tongue& mucosa

• associated with stress

• moves around

What is contact mucositis?

PAINFUL

• red, edematous area with ulceration or white striae (lichenoid)

• type 4 allergic rxn

• EX: cinnamon stomatitis

What is speckled leukoplakia? (+ population)

white plaque with red component

• unknown cause

• must biopsy after 14 days

• population: males over 50

What are Koplik spots? (+ common location, population)

associated with measles/rubeola

• small red macules with white necrotic center

• paramyxovirus

• common location: mucosa

• population: children

What are lichenoid lesions? (+ common locations)

similar to lichen planus - unilateral

• usually a drug rxn

• common locations: buccal mucosa, tongue (NOT GINGIVA!!!)

What is chronic atrophic candidiasis? (+ other name, common locations)

AKA Denture Stomatitis; well-defined red plaque under prosthesis

• common locations: palate, maxillary ridge

• no pain

What is median rhomboid glossitis? (+ other name, common location)

AKA Central Papillary Atrophy; well-defined red patch at midline of posterior dorsal tongue

• asymptomatic

• candidiasis

What is angular cheilitis? (+ common location)

erythema, fissuring, scaling at commissures

• candidiasis

• vertical dimension

• Vitamin B12 deficiency

What are palatal petechiae? (+ common location, cause)

tiny red dots on soft palate

• cause: trauma/leukemia

How does leukemia present orally?

diffuse gingival enlargement with hemorrhage

• palatal petechiae

What is erythema multiforme? (+ other name, population)

AKA: Stevens-Johnson Syndrome

• crusty, bleeding lips + oral ulcers + target skin lesions

• drug rxn

• population: young males

What is inflammatory papillary hyperplasia? (+ other name, common location)

AKA denture papillomatosis

• red (or pink) cobblestone appearance of hard palate

• under a prosthesis

What is lymphangioma? (+ common location, population)

Red (or white/pink), soft, fluctuant, pebbly surface (caviar)

• common location: anterior dorsal tongue

• population: children

• on neck: Cystic Hygroma

What is hemangioma? (+ common location, population)

MOST COMMON TUMOR IN CHILDREN!

• red (changes to purple), rubbery, elevated mass

• INVOLUTES OVER TIME

• common location: tongue

• population: children

What are black and/or gray lesions?

• Amalgam tattoo

• Black hairy tongue

• Melanoma

What is an amalgam tattoo?

presence/history of amalgam restoration

• can see on X-ray

What is black hairy tongue?

elongated filiform papilla

• seen in smokers

What is melanoma? (+ common locations)

blackish-blue, irregular papule

• poor prognosis

• common locations: palate, maxillary gingiva

What are yellow lesions?

• Parulis/cutaneous sinus (gumboil)

• Actinomycoses

• Lipoma

• Granular cell tumor

• Lymphoepithelial cyst

• Fordyce granules

• Acute lymphonodular pharyngitis

What is a parulis? (+ other names, common locations, associated with)

yellowish-red nodule on gingiva or palate

• associated with non-vital tooth

• AKA Cutaneous sinus, gumboil

What is actinomycoses?

abscess or sinus tract due to actinomyces bacteria

• bright yellow "sulfur granules" in pus

What is a lipoma? (+ common location, population)

soft, yellowish-pink, well-defined, painless nodule

• less than 3 cm

• common location: buccal mucosa

• population: adults over 40

What is a granular cell tumor? (+ common location, population)

soft, yellowish-pink, painless nodule

• less than 2cm

• common location: dorsal tongue

• population: females 30-50

What is a lymphoepithelial cyst? (+ common locations)

soft, yellowish-pink, well-defined, painless nodule

• common locations: floor of mouth, ventral tongue

What are fordyce granules? (+ common locations)

multiple small papules

• common locations: vestibule, buccal mucosa

What is acute lymphonodular pharyngitis? (+ common locations, population)

yellow-reddish nodules of tonsils/soft palate

• Coxsackie virus

• population: children

What are brown lesions?

• Physiologic melanosis

• Oral/labial melanotic macule

• Smoker's melanosis

• Peutz-Jegher syndrome (hereditary intenstinal polyposis syndrome)

• Melanocytic nevus

What is physiologic melanosis? (+ common location, population)

normal pigmentation of gingiva

• Population: dark-skinned patients

What is an oral/labial melanotic macule? (+ common locations)

flat, well-defined brown macule

• common locations: buccal mucosa, gingiva, lips

What is Peutz-Jegher syndrome? (+ other name, population, common locations)

AKA hereditary intestinal polyposis syndrome

• genetic

• multiple melanotic macules on buccal mucosa/lips

• multiple skin macules + benign GI polyps

• population: Children

What is a melanocytic nevus?

well-defined, single, brown-black macule

• rare intraorally

• proliferation of melanocytes

• uniform color

• less than 6mm

• aka MOLE

What are blue/purple lesions?

• hemangioma

• ranula

• mucocele

• eruption cyst

• gingival cyst

• hematoma

• post-inflammatory melanosis

• peripheral giant cell granuloma

• mucoepidermoid carcinoma

• kaposi sarcoma

• melanoma

What is a ranula? (+ common location)

large mucocele

• common location: floor of mouth - unilateral

• blockage of submand/sublingual gland

What is a mucocele? (+ common location, histology)

bluish/pink/clear accumulation of salivary gland secretion in CT due to severed duct

• common location: mandibular labial mucosa

• histology: mucus + granulation tissue

What is an eruption cyst? (+ common location, population)

bluish swelling at site of erupting tooth (1st molar)

• population: children

What is a gingival cyst? (+ common locations, population)

blue-translucent swelling of attached gingiva (Mand canine/premolar area)

• population: middle-aged adults

What is a hematoma? (common location, associated with)

• associated with trauma

• common location: buccal/labial mucosa

What is post-inflammatory melanosis? (+ common locations)

response to healing

• common locations: gingival/buccal mucosa