Unit 20 Substance Abuse

A comprehensive set of flashcards based on the lecture notes covering substance abuse topics including definitions, common drugs, effects, and recognition signs.

What are the four major groupings of symptoms for substance abuse according to DSM-5?

Impaired control, social impairment, risky use, pharmacological criteria.

What is tolerance in the context of substance abuse?

Tolerance occurs when an increase in both the dose and frequency of use are needed to achieve the same effect.

What happens during withdrawal from a substance?

Withdrawal occurs when the substance is not taken or ingested.

What is a common effect of marijuana that is derived from THC?

Euphoria, lowers inhibition, increased pulse and appetite, poor coordination.

How many U.S. smokers are aged 12 and older, and what substance are they primarily using?

60 million U.S. smokers, primarily using nicotine.

What are club drugs?

Drugs like MDMA (Ecstasy), GHB, Rohypnol, Ketamine, and Methamphetamine.

What are the intended effects of amphetamines?

Increased alertness, elevation of mood, appetite reduction, decrease in fatigue.

What is methamphetamine and how does it differ from amphetamines?

Methamphetamine has similar symptoms to amphetamines but more pronounced effects lasting 6 to 8 hours.

What are the adverse effects of cocaine use?

Perforated septum, chills, fever, v-fib, psychosis, respiratory and circulatory failure.

What are narcotic analgesics derived from?

Poppy plants.

Name two prescription medications that are narcotic analgesics.

Morphine and codeine.

What hallucinogenic effects does Phencyclidine (PCP) have?

Causes hallucinations, some pleasant and some not, with a fantasy-like effect.

What is the classification of LSD and its accepted medical use?

It is a Schedule I drug and has no accepted medical use.

What are some physical signs of substance abuse?

Needle tracks, jaundice, nasal ulceration, dilated or constricted pupils.

What warning sign indicates workplace substance abuse?

Deteriorating performance.

What percentage of Americans is estimated to abuse drugs and alcohol in the workplace?

10-23%.

What are early signs of withdrawal symptoms?

Symptoms experienced when the substance is not ingested or taken.

What is the psychiatric effect of THC found in marijuana?

It produces a psychic effect that leads to euphoria.

What is the major risk associated with the use of amphetamines?

High potential for abuse.

How quickly can a user feel effects when methamphetamine is smoked or injected?

Almost immediate reaction.

What is the medical use of GHB?

It has some medical uses but is primarily known as a club drug.

What kind of drug is Ecstasy, and what is its chemical name?

It is a club drug, chemically known as MDMA.

What are the risks associated with using inhalants?

They are most commonly used in young children and can lead to various psychological and health issues.

What is a common nickname for Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD)?

Acid.

What effect does LSD have on perception?

It alters perceptions such that users can 'hear' colors and 'taste' sounds.