ch 4, integ. sys. ; disease and disorder terms NOT built from word parts

abrasion

scraping away of the skin by mechanical process or injury

abscess

localized collection of pus, bacteria, and other material; can occur in skin (cutaneous abscess) or other locations within the body (internal abscess)

acne

inflammatory disease of the skin involving the sebaceous glands and hair follicles

actinic keratosis

precancerous skin condition of hornlike tissue formation that results from excessive exposure to sunlight; may evolve into a squamous cell carcinoma

albinism

congenital hereditary condition characterized by partial or total lack of pigment

basal cell carcinoma

malignant epithelial tumor arising from the bottom layer of the epidermis called the basal layer; rarely metastasizes, but invades local tissue and may recur in same location

• common in individuals w excessive sun exposure

candidiasis

infection of the skin, mouth (thrush), or vagina caused by overgrowth of candida

• candida is normally present in mucous membranes

  • AIDS —> esophageal candidiasis

carbuncle

infection of skin and subcutaneous tissue composed of a cluster of boils (furuncles) caused by staphylococcus bacteria

cellutlitis

inflammation of the skin and subcutaneous tissue caused by infection

• redness, pain, heat, and swelling

contusion

external injury that doesnt break skin

• swelling, pain, and discoloration

AKA A BRUISE

eczema

noninfectious, inflammatory skin disease characterized by redness, blisters, scabs, and itching

fissure

slit or cracklike sore in the skin

furuncle

painful skin nodule caused by staphylococcal bacteria in a hair follicle (aka bOIL)

gangrene

death of tissue caused by loss of blood supply followed by bacterial invasion (form of necrosis)

herpes

inflammatory skin disease caused by herpesvirus and characterized by small blisters in clusters

what does herpes simplex 1 virus cause

fever blisters

what does herpes zoster called and characterized by

shingles; painful skin eruptions that follow nerves inflamed by the virus

impetigo

superficial skin infection characterized by pustules and caused by either staphylococci or strepto cocci

kaposi sarcoma

cancerous condition starting as purple or brown papules that spreads through the skin to the lymph nodes and internal organs; frequently scene with AIDS

keloid

overgrowth of scar tissue

laceration

torn, ragged-edged wound

measles

highly contagious viral disease characterized by fever, runny nose, cough, and a spreading skin rash

• significant cause of death

what can measles lead to?

pneumonia, severe brain bleeding (seizures, developmental delay, or chronic brain disease) and sometimes death

MRSA infection

invasion of body tissue by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. a strain of common bacteria that has developed resistance to methicillin and other antibiotics

what can MRSA infection cause + commonality

skin and soft tissue infections and sometimes bloodstream infections and pneumonia; quite common in hospitals and long-term care facilities, but increasingly emerging as an important infection in the general population

pedivulosis

invasion into the skin and hair by LICE

pilonidal cyst

abnormal pocket in skin with hair and skin debris; frequently located on top of buttocks cleft; painful and may require surgery

pressure injury

damage of the skin and subcutaneous tissue caused by prolonged pressure, often occurs in bedridden patients

how can a pressure injury present itself?

intact skin or an open ulcer (pressure ulcer and bedsore)

psoriasis

chronic skin condition producing red lesions covered with silvery scales

rosacea

chronic disorder of the skin that produces erythema, papules, pustules and abnormal dilation of tiny blood vessels, usually occurring on the central area of the face in ppl over 30

scabies

skin infection caused by the itch mite, characterized by papule eruptions that are caused by the female burrowing into the outer layer of the skin and laying eggs; SEVERE ITCHING

squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)

malignant growth developing from scalelike epithelial tissue of the surface layer of the epidermis and may metastasize

• most common on skin but can occur in other parts of body: mouth, lips, genitals

• most frequent cause = exposure to sunlight

systemis lupus erythematosus (SLE)

chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease involving the skin, joints, kidneys, and nervous system

• periods of remission and exacerbations

• may affect other organs

tinea

fungal infection of skin; may infect keratin of skin, hair, and nails = RINGWORM

• classified by body regions

  • tinea capitis (scalp)

  • tinea corporis (body)

  • tinea pedis (foot) = Athlete’s foot

urticaria

itchy skin eruption composed of wheals of varying sizes and shapes

• sometimes associated with infections and food allergy rxns, medicine, or other agents

• also internal disease, physical stimumli, and genetic disorders

aka HIVES

vitiligo

white patches on skin from destruction of melanocytes

bacterial skin infections

• carbuncle

• furuncle

• MRSA

• cellulitis

• impetigo

  • paronychia (infect./inflam. around nail)

fungal infections

• candidiasis

  • tinea

parasitic infections

• scabies

• pediculosis

viral infections

herpes

• simplex 1 virus (fever blister)

• zoster (shingles)