[PCOG-LEC-FIN-01-PT3] VITAMINS AND VITAMIN-CONTAINING DRUGS

THIS FLASHCARDS IS ABOUT [PCOG] VITAMINS AND VITAMIN-CONTAINING DRUGS - WATER-SOLUBLE VITAMINS

Water-Soluble Vitamins

This type of vitamins are non-toxic and can be consumed in large doses without harm and they also remain in the body for long periods of time.

Water-Soluble Vitamins

This type of vitamins ranges from simple to complex chemical molecules, play diverse physiologic roles and have a wide scope of therapeutic applications.

Water-Soluble Vitamins

Usually excreted via urination.

Vitamin B & C

Common water-soluble vitamins taken by people.

• B1-B3

• B5-B7

• B9

• B12

• C

What are the (9) Examples of Water-Soluble Vitamins?

Thiamine

Vitamin B1 is also called as?

Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)

This vitamin’s molecule is comprised of a pyrimidine and thiazole units connected by a methylene bridge.

1. Pyrimidine

2. Thiazole

3. Methylene Bridge

Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) is comprised of a (1)_____ and (2)_____ units connected by a (3)__________.

pH 5.0

Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) is stable in acidic environment but decomposes readily above what pH level?

• Whole grains

• Legumes

• Meats

What are the (3) Sources of Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)?

Hint: WLM

1. Small intestine

2. Alcohol

The pharmacokinetics of Vitamin B1 (Thiamine): readily absorbed in the (1)________; the (2)_____ inhibits its absorption.

1. Metabolized hepatically

2. Eliminated renally

The pharmacokinetics of Vitamin B1 (Thiamine): metabolized (1)_____, eliminated (2)________.

1. Beri-beri

2. Lactic acidosis

3. Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome

What are the (3) Deficiency State of Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)?

Hint: BLW

Riboflavin

Vitamin B2 is also called as?

Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)

This vitamin is built up from a ribose and an isoalloxazine residue. Widely occurs in nature and constitutes a component of the flavin coenzyme systems.

1. Ribose

2. Isoalloxazine residue

3. Nature

4. Flavin coenzyme systems

Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) is built up from a (1)_____ and an (2)__________. Widely occurs in (4)_____ and constitutes a component of the (4)__________.

1. Sugar component

2. Intense yellow fluorescence

The name “riboflavin” is derived from the (1)________ and the (2)____________ from its aqueous solution.

• Riboflavin 5-phosphate (FMN)

• Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)

What are the (2) Major Forms of Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)?

Flavin mononucleotide (FMN)

Riboflavin 5-phosphate is also known as?

Yeast

What is the richest source of Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)?

1. Transfer of electrons

2. Oxidation-Reduction Reactions

The function of FMN and FAD as coenzymes in the transfer of (1)_____ in a number of important biologic (2)__________ reactions.

1. Cell of the intestinal mucosa

2. Bile salts

The pharmacokinetics of Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin): absorbed readily into cells of the (1)__________ by an active transport system that is enhanced by (2)_________.

• Cracking of the corners of the mouth

• Dermatitis

• Conjunctivitis

What are the (3) Deficiency State of Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)?

Hint: CDC

Niacin

Vitamin B3 is also called as?

Vitamin B3 (Niacin)

This vitamin’s compounds are found, principally as the amide, in a variety of foods and are manufactured in the body, with the aid of other vitamin B from Tryptophan.

Nicotinic Acid

Vitamin B3 (Niacin) is also known as?

1. Amide

2. Manufactured in the body

3. Tryptophan

This vitamin’s compounds are found, principally as the (1)_____, in a variety of foods and are manufactured in the (2)_____, with the aid of other vitamin B from (3)________.

1. GIT

2. Food

The pharmacokinetics of Vitamin B3 (Niacin): readily absorbed in the (1)_____; must be taken with (2)_____ (can cause GIT upset).

1. Coenzymes

2. Glycogenolysis

3. Lipid metabolism

4. Tissue respiration

The functions of Vitamin B3 (Niacin): (1)______ in electron transport chain associated with (2)________, (3)_____ metabolism, and (4)_____ respiration.

1. Flushing

2. Direct peripheral vasodilation

The pharmacodynamics of Vitamin B3 (Niacin): this can cause (1)_____ because of its direct (2)____________.

(Can also cause sensation of warmth in the face, neck, and ears because of vasodilation)

Pellagra

What is the deficiency state of Vitamin B3 (Niacin)?

• Dermatitis

• Diarrhea

• Delirium

What are the (3) Symptoms of Pellagra?

Hint: DDD

• Nicotinamide

• Niacinamide

What are the other (2) Preparations of Vitamin B3 (Niacin)?

1. Naturally

2. Anti-pellagra effect

The nicotinamide and niacinamide occurs (1)_____; they also have an (2)_____ effect.