Development AP Psych exam

Overgeneralization

Children apply language rules incorrectly (ex: saying “I runned” rather than “I ran”)

Law of effect

Actions that are reinforced are repeated and actions that are punished are stopped

Semantic memory

part of long term memory that involves ideas concepts and facts

Retinal disparity

the difference between the slightly different images each eye sees, -used to judge distance

Convergence

The inward movement of the eyes when looking at close objects (involves the muscles of the eyes)

Perceptual consistancy

the ability to recognize that similar objects stay the same shape/size/color even in different contexts

Social desirability bias

purposely giving “good” answers to create a positive image on a survey or something

linear perspective

brain perceives parallel lines as getting closer as they go farther away

interposition

if something is blocking another object, the blocker looks closer

All or none principle

The idea that neurons will either fire completely or not at all

Long-term potentation

process of learning being encoded into memory

Schema

mental framework that helps organize/interpret info

Co-founding variable

an unmonitored variable that messed up an experiment

Structural processing/encoding

encoding only the physical qualities of something

retrieval cue

stimulus that helps access information stored in memory

Parallel processing

the processing of multiple aspects of a problem at once

the smallest unit of sound in language

Phoneme

Habituation

when you stop responding to a irrelevant repeated stimulus

Norepinephrine

Fight or flight response

Includes the hippocampus, amygdala, and hypothalamus

limbic system

Aphasia

the impairment of language

Automatic processing

Automatically processes info producing implicit memories

Implicit memory (non-declarative memory)

Unconscious, long-term memory that influences behavior

3 measures of retention

recall, recognition, and relearning

Beginning of a neurotransmitter

dendrites (listens)

Myelin sheath

speeds process of sending message

where info travels along starting at the dentrite

axon

Synaptic gap

area between two neurotransmitters

Action potential

the firing of a neuron once fully charged

Threshold

neuron fully charged

refractory period

after a neuron fires and needs time to recharge before firing again

agonist

medication that mimics a neurotransmitter to increase the levels in your system

antagonist

blocks neurotransmitters from being fired

contains the somatic and automatic nervous systems

peripheral nervous system