The Song Dynasty (960-1279)

Song Dynasty

A period in Chinese history (960-1279) known for significant cultural, economic, and technological advancements.

Centralized Bureaucracy

A political structure established during the Song Dynasty based on merit through the civil service examination system.

Scholar-officials

Educated individuals in Confucian texts who played a key role in the political structure of the Song Dynasty.

Jurchens

A group that invaded during the Song Dynasty, establishing the Jin Dynasty.

Agricultural Innovations

Advancements during the Song Dynasty that included improved rice cultivation and new crops, like champa rice, from Southeast Asia.

Grand Canal

A significant trade network that facilitated transport and commerce between Northern and Southern China during the Song Dynasty.

Paper Money

An innovation during the Song Dynasty that improved trade efficiency and contributed to a more monetized economy.

Landscape Painting

An art form that flourished during the Song Dynasty, known for its beauty and detail.

Neo-Confucianism

A philosophical movement that emerged during the Song Dynasty as a response to Buddhism and Daoism, emphasizing ethics and social harmony.

Technological Innovations

Significant advancements during the Song Dynasty, including gunpowder, the compass, and printing techniques.

Filial Piety

A central concept in Song Dynasty society emphasizing respect and care for one's family.

Foot Binding

A practice that emerged during the Song Dynasty, symbolizing beauty and status but also reflecting the decline of women's status.

Impact of the Song Dynasty

The foundations laid by the Song Dynasty influenced future dynasties and had lasting impacts on Chinese civilization in culture, politics, and economics.