Chart Bacteria Flashcard

Clostridium Botulinum

• Diseases: Botulism

• Symptoms: Flaccid Paralysis (muscle weakness)

• Prognosis: Severe

• Prevention: Proper Canning

• At risk: Infants, caned food exposure

• Treatment: Antitoxin Therapy

• Toxin: Botulinum Toxin

• Habitat: Soil and Water

Clostridium Perfringens

• Diseases: Gas Gangrene, Food Intoxication

• Symptoms: Tissue destruction, Acute abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea

• Prognosis: Serious

• Prevention: -

• At risk: -

• Treatment: Cephalosporin or Penicillin, debridement of tissue, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, clean the wounds

• Toxin: Exotoxins

• Habitat: -

Clostridium Difficile (C-Diff/ CDAD)

• Diseases: Antibiotic-Associated Colitis

• Symptoms: Diarrhea for long

• Prognosis: -

• Prevention: Probiotics

• At risk: Hospitalized patients, nursing homes

• Treatment: Vancomycin if needed, get patient off antibiotics, probiotics with electrolytes, fecale transplant

• Toxin: Enterotoxins

• Habitat: Intestine

Listeria Monocytogenes

• Diseases: Listeriosis

• Symptoms: -

• Prognosis: -

• Prevention: -

• At risk: Pregnant women, newborns, 65+, weak immune systems

• Treatment: -

• Toxin: -

• Habitat: -

Corynebacterium Diphtheriae

• Diseases: Diphtheria

• Symptoms: Local infection (throat mucous build up), cutaneous infection, organ failure (heart and nerves)

• Prognosis: Severe, Deadly

• Prevention: Diphtheria vaccine

• At risk: Non-immunized children living in crowded and unsanitary conditions

• Treatment: Antitoxin therapy, with penicillin or erythromycin, toxoid vaccine + boosters

• Toxin: Diphtherotoxin

• Habitat: -

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis

• Diseases: Tuberculosis (TB)

• Symptoms: -

• Prognosis: Highly contagious, infectious dose 10 cells

• Prevention: vaccine typically in other countries

• At risk: Inadequate nutrition, lung damage, genetics, debilitation of immune system, poor access to healthcare, 1/3 of world population (15 mil. U.S.) carry tubercle bacillus

• Treatment: 6-24 months of at least 2 of 11 drugs, or One pill Rifater

• Toxin: -

• Habitat: -

Mycobacterium Leprae

• Diseases: Leprosy, tuberculoid or lepromatous

• Symptoms: Spots, numbness

• Prognosis: -

• Prevention: Surveillance of high risk population, trial vaccine

• At risk: Not good hygiene, high population areas

• Treatment: Long-term combined therapy

• Toxin: -

• Habitat: -

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

• Diseases: Pneumonia, UTI, Abscess, otitis, corneal disease, endocarditis, meningitis, bronchopneumonia

• Symptoms: -

• Prognosis: -

• Prevention: -

• At risk: Weak immune system, pre-existing condition, people with burns, neoplastic disease, cystic fibrosis

• Treatment: Targeted antibiotics (its highly resistant)

• Toxin: -

• Habitat: Contacts, sink faucet, shower head, water

Bordetella Pertussis

• Diseases: Pertussis/ whooping cough

• Symptoms: -

• Prognosis: Severe, life threatening in babies

• Prevention: Vaccine

• At risk: Children

• Treatment: Vaccine DTaP (diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis)

• Toxin: Toxin destroys and dislodges ciliated cells

• Habitat: -