THEORY TYPES OF HUMAN DEVELOPEMT

FMST

Psychoanalytic Theories

Development & behavior come from unconscious & uncontrollable inner drives, memories, and conflicts

Two major Psychoanalytic theories/theorists

Freud’s Psychosexual, Erikson’s Psychosocial

Freud’s Psychosexual Theory

Behavior is driven by unconscious impulses seeking physical gratification (alters our subconscious, often related to sexuality)

Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory

How social world shapes our sense of self

Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory Stages

includes a task/crisis to resolve in that time frame. Caregivers help children achieve this

Behaviourist learning Theories (John Watson) - Skinner’s Operant conditioning

Behavior is influenced by its consequences. Condition human behavior by controlling outcomes

Social Learning Theory (Bandura) - Observational learning

people learn by observing & imitating models

Social Learning Theory (Bandura) - Reciprocal determininsm

Individuals, their behavior, and environment influence/interact with each other

• Older figure action can motivate child imitate/shape behaviour

Cognitive theory 

Development & behavior are the result of cognition/thinking

Cognitive theory - Piaget’s cognitive-developemental theory

People use thinking to better understand their environment

Cognitive theory - Cognitive schemas

Where learning is organized (concepts, ideas, ways of interacting with the world)

Systems Theory

People are inseparable from their social context in development (external)

Systems Theory - Bronfenbrenner’s Biological systems Theory

Development influenced by individual and their social interactions

• biological, cognitive, psychological changes within a person & their changing context