EKG certification Chapter 2

For my EKG certification

Vital signs

Give important information about how the cardiovascular system works. (Usually measured before patient is seen by doctor

Baseline Measurements

Vital sign usually taken before patients are seen by a doctor or healthcare provider to have a base idea of the patients vital levels

what do vital signs include?

Abbreviated as “TPRB”

• T- Temperature

• P-Pulse Rate

• R-Respiration Rate

• B-Blood Pressure

• O- Oxygen blood level

(Sometimes pain level is included)

Objective information

(Signs) Measurements that can be verified by a medical professional.

Subjective Information

(Symptoms) Based on personal experience or feelings of the patient.

Adult Temperature Range for Mouth(oral)

Fahrenheit: 97.6-99.6

Celsius: 36.5-37.5

Adult Temperature Range for Rectum (Posterior)

Fahrenheit: 98.6-100.6

Celsius: 37.0-38.1

Adult Temperature Range for Armpit(axillary)

Fahrenheit: 96.6-98.6

Celsius: 35.9-37.0

Adult Temperature Range for Ear(Tympanic)

Fahrenheit: 96.6-99.7

Celsius: 35.9-37.6

Adult Temperature Range for Temporal Artery(Forehead)

Fahrenheit: 97.2-100.1

Celsius: 36.2-37.8

What is the Normal Adult Pulse Rate?

60-100 Beats Per Minute (BPM)

What is the Normal Adult Respiratory Rate?

12-20 Respirations Per Minute

Normal Blood Pressure Range

Systolic: 90-119 mm Hg

Diastolic: 60-79 mm Hg

Low (Hypotensive) Blood Pressure Range

Systolic: Below 90 mm Hg

Diastolic: Below 60 mm Hg

Elevated Blood Pressure

Systolic: 120-129 mm Hg

Diastolic: Less than 80 mm Hg

Stage 1 Hypertension Blood Pressure

Systolic:130-139 mm Hg

Diastolic: 80-89 mm Hg

Stage 2 Hypertension Blood Pressure

Systolic: At or over 140 mm Hg

Diastolic: At or over 90 mm Hg

Hypertensive Crisis

Systolic: Over 180 mm Hg

Diastolic: Over 120 mm Hg

Microorganism

Living thing that is so small it is only visible under a microscope and are always present in the environment.

Pathogens

Harmful microorganisms, causes infections, invades the body and multiplies.

Infection Prevention

(AKA Infection Control) is the set of practices used to prevent the spread of harmful microorganisms. (Controls spread of disease)

Localized Infection

Infection that is limited to a specific location in the body. (Has local symptoms which means symptoms are near or LOCAL to the site of infection)

Systemic Infection

Affects the entire body, travels through bloodstream to spread throughout the body.(Causes general symptoms)

Healthcare-associated Infection (HAI)

(Formerly called nosocomial infection) Is an infection acquired in a healthcare setting during medical care