Unit 1 History Study Sheet

Comprehensive practice flashcards based on the Unit 1 History Study Sheet covering WWI, the Interwar Period, WWII, and Post-War Canada.

What is the definition of a Primary Source?

Original document or other material that hasn't been changed in any way.

How is a Secondary Source defined?

Information created later by someone who did not experience first-hand/participate.

What are the four 'MAIN' causes of war mentioned in the notes?

Militarism (maintain a strong military), Alliances (union for mutual benefit), Imperialism (building of an empire), and Nationalism (identification with one's own nation).

Which countries were part of the Triple Alliance?

Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy

What countries formed the Triple Entente?

France, Russia and Britain

Who was Franz Ferdinand and what was the significance of his death?

Archduke of Austria; His assassination triggered the outbreak of WWI.

What was the Schlieffen Plan?

Germans general strategic plan for victory in the possible future war, where the German empire might find itself fighting on two fronts: France to the west and Russia to the East.

What is Trench Foot?

A painful condition in the feet due to long immersion in cold water or mud causing blackening and death of surface tissue.

What was the most impactful weapon of WWI that shot hundreds of rounds of ammunition?

Machine Gun

At which battle in $1914$ did the Germans introduce Chlorine gas?

Ypres

Which battle is described as the bloodiest war in WWI?

Somme, fought in France.

What occurred during the battle of Vimy Ridge from $9$ to $12\text{ April 1917}$?

Four divisions of Canadian corps fought together for the first time and captured the ridge from the German army.

Who was Arthur Currie?

General of the Canadian troops, famous for his planning and leadership during the $100$ day campaign from $August\,8th$ to $November\,11,\,1918$.

What powers were included under the War Measures Act of $August\,1914$?

Censorship (newspaper, Radio, etc.), Arrest and Detention, and Trading.

What was the purpose of the War Time Elections Act passed on $September\,20,\,1917$?

It aimed to push liberals into joining the conservatives in the formation of the Canadian Unionist Government.

What was the Zimmerman Telegram?

A telegram from Germany to Mexico explaining they want to invade USA; Britain intercepted it and warned the US, causing them to join the war.

What were the characteristics of the Weimar Republic ($1919$ to $1933$)?

It dealt with huge reparation costs from the Treaty of Versailles and soaring inflation due to high unemployment.

When was the League of Nations established and when was it replaced?

Established in $1919$ by the Treaty of Versailles and replaced by the United nations in $1945$.

How many workers went on strike during the Winnipeg General Strike on $May\,15,\,1919$?

$30,000$ workers.

What did the Chinese Exclusion Act passed by the Parliament of Canada do?

It banned most forms of Chinese immigration to Canada.

What was the purpose of Residential Schools in Canada?

Changing Native children's way of life and culture, teaching them to become more 'proper' or white.

What did the Person’s Case establish regarding the Canadian constitution?

That women were eligible to be appointed as senators and the constitution should be interpreted in a way that adapts to changing times.

What was the Statute of Westminster ($1931$)?

A statute of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that affected the equality of Britain and the dominions of Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Ireland, and Newfoundland.

Define 'the dole' and 'the pogey'.

'the dole' is a benefit paid by the government to the unemployed; 'the pogey' is an unemployment or welfare benefit.

What was the On to Ottawa Trek?

A journey where thousands of unemployed men protested the dismal conditions in relief camps scattered across remote areas in western Canada.

What are the causes listed for WWII?

Germany not following the Treaty of Versailles, Political Instability, Inflation, Unemployment (over half of Germany), and Totalitarian dictators.

Who were the leaders of Britain during WWII?

Neville Chamberlain ($1937$ to $40$) and Winston Churchill ($1940$ to $45$ and $1951$ to $55$).

What happened during the Battle of Britain (Operation Sealion)?

The Luftwaffe sent $2600$ planes, while the RAF sent $640$ and won.

What occurred on June 6th 1944 at Juno Beach?

D-Day, the Battle of Normandy, where allies had naval superiority and defeated Germany, leading to the liberation of Nazi Occupied Western Europe.

Define 'Mouse-Holing' as used in the Battle of Ortona.

Holes being put into walls and then throwing a grenade into them to clear the room.

What were the names and death counts of the atomic bombs dropped on Japan?

“Little Boy” dropped on Hiroshima ($150,000$ instant deaths) and “Fat Man” dropped on Nagasaki ($70,000$ instant deaths).

What were the Nuremberg Laws?

Laws used to strip the rights of many German civilians by Nazi Germany.

What were 'Zombies' during the Conscription Crisis?

Men who refused to go to war.

What was the Avro Arrow?

A Jet Aircraft that was most advanced for its era and helped establish Canada as a world leader in scientific research and development.

What was the result of the $1954$ to $1975$ Vietnam War?

North Vietnam's victory and the unification of Vietnam under communist rule.

What happened during the Quebec Separation referendum of $1995$?

French-speaking voters were asked if Quebec should become an independent country with a political and economic agreement to Canada.