ADHD Theory and Practice Flashcards

A comprehensive set of fill-in-the-blank flashcards covering the history, DSM-5 criteria, prevalence, etiology, and treatment of ADHD based on lecture notes.

In 1902, Still described a group of children who lacked __________ "without general impairment of intellect and without physical disease."

moral control

The benefits of stimulant medication for treating ADHD-like symptoms were discovered incidentally in the year __________.

1937

According to DSM 5-TR Criteria, several inattentive or hyperactive-impulsive symptoms must be present before age __________.

12

To diagnose inattention in children up to 16 years old, at least __________ symptoms must be present for at least 6 months.

6

For individuals aged 17 years and older, the DSM 5-TR requires at least __________ symptoms of inattention or hyperactivity/impulsivity for diagnosis.

5

The __________ Presentation is diagnosed if enough symptoms of hyperactivity-impulsivity, but not inattention, were present for the past six months.

Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive

According to the DSM 5-TR, the prevalence of ADHD is __________% in children and 2.5% in adults.

5

The prevalence ratio of ADHD in males compared to females is __________.

2:1

The __________ subtype of ADHD is the most common, though the combined type is most frequently referred to services.

inattentive

Taylor & Sandberg (1984) found a __________ fold difference in diagnoses between the UK and the US.

20

The overall prevalence of ADHD found in the 2019 NZ Health Survey was __________%.

2.2

Twin studies suggest that the heritability of ADHD is between __________ percent.

60-90

Biological risk factors for ADHD include the dysregulation of the __________, andrenergic, and nonandrenergic systems.

dopaminergic

The global prevalence of symptomatic ADHD in adulthood, with or without childhood onset, is __________%.

6.76

In the __________ study, it was found that 90% of adult-ADHD cases lacked a history of childhood ADHD.

Dunedin

Neuroaffirming practice often employs a __________ model, where a person is only "disabled" if their environment is not accommodating.

social disability

Between __________ percent of children exhibit improvement in core ADHD symptoms while on stimulant medication.

70-80

The most common stimulant medication used for ADHD in New Zealand is __________.

Methylphenidate

Research by Darling et al. (2019) suggested that children who benefited from __________ maintained changes at follow-up without side effects.

micronutrients

Signs of ADHD may be minimal or absent when an individual is in a __________ setting or receiving frequent rewards for appropriate behavior.

novel