Chapter 20 slides

What are the 3 layers of the blood vessel walls?

Tunica externa, tunica media, tunica interna

What is the tunica interna?

blood vessel lining layer that has simple squamous endothelium, and is exposed to blood

Which of the following layers consists of smooth muscle, collagen, and elastic tissue?

a. pericardium

b. tunica interna

c. tunica media

d. epicardium

c. tunica media which strengthens vessels

Which of the following consists of loose CT that merges with neighboring vessels?

a. tunica externa

b. tunica media

c. tunica interna

d. myocardium

a. tunica externa

What are the 3 categories of blood vessels?

arteries, veins, and capillaries

What are the 3 main types of arteries?

elastic, muscular, arterioles

Which arteries are known as conducting arteries?

a. muscular

b. arteriole

c. elastic

d. adipose

c. elastic

What arteries are distributing arteries?

a. elastic

b. muscular

c. arteriole

d. externa

b. muscular

Which arteries are responsible for the control of blood flow into capillary beds?

a. aterial

b. arterioles

c. muscular

d. elastic

b. arterioles

What is the term used to refer to a weak point in the artery?

aneurysm

What are the classifications of veins?

venules, medium sized, and large veins

What valves prevent back flow of blood and aid the return of blood to the heart?

a. av valves

b. semilunar valves

c. mitral valves

d. venous valves

d. venous valves

Varicose veins

blood pools in the lower legs of people who stand for long periods

What takes place along the capillary wall?

a. blood flow

b. nutrient and waste exchange

c. action potential

b. nutrient and waste exchange

What are the 3 basic types of capillaries?

Continuous, fenestrated, sinusoid

What of the 3 capillaries contain endothelium?

a. fenestarted

b. sinusoid

c. continuos

d. arteriole

c. continuous

What type of capillaries have pores, and orchestrate absorption and filtration?

fenestrated capillaries

What type of capillaries are known to be “leaky”

sinosoid

What route flows through the heart, arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins?

a. pulmonary

b. portal system

c. simplest most common

c. simplest, most common

What circulatory route flows through two consecutive capillary networks before returning to the heart?

the portal system:

What is the anastomosis route?

a. a blood vessel connection

b. flows through what is known as a “shunt”

a. a blood vessel connection

What is venous anastomosis?

a. where two arteries merge

b. where blood vessels connect

c. where one vein empties into another

c. where one vein empties into another

What is arterial anastomosis?

a. where blood vessels separate

b. where two arteries merge

c. where two vessels merge

b. where two arteries merge

What are the three routes that chemicals pass through the capillary wall?

endothelial cytoplasm, intercellular clefts, filtration pores

What mechanisms are involved in chemical passage through capillary wall?

diffusion, transcytosis, filtration, and rebasorption

what is transcytosis?

a. movement of molecules due to a concentration gradient

b. vesicular transport of macromolecules

c. pressure driven movement via filtration or reabsorption

b. vesicular transport of macromolecules

What is osmotic pressure?

a. the force exerted by fluid against the vessel wall

b. H2O attracting ability of solutes

c. net pressure forcing fluid out of capillaries

b. H2O attracting ability of solutes

Edema is excessive accumulation of ISF. What are the three basic causes?

increased HPC, decreased capillary osmotic pressure, and lymphatic blockage

What occurs when fluid filters into a tissue faster than it is absorbed?

Edema

How many L of fluid are transported into the bloodstream each day?

3 L

Blood flow

amount of blood flowing through an organ, tissue, or blood vessel in a given time

Perfusion

the flow per given volume or mass of tissue in a given time

The rate of blood flow is directly proportional to the pressure difference between two ends of the tube.

a. true

b. false

a. true

The blood flow is inversely proportional to resistance

a. true

b. false

a. true

Measure of the amount of friction encountered by blood as it flows?

Resistance

What do blood velocity, length, and diameter influence?

peripheral resistance which is the resistance of the entire systemic circuit

What is true about extrinsic control of blood flow?

a. it is obtained through the ANS

b. it occurs in 2 autoregulatory mechanisms

a. it is obtained through the ANS

What do myogenic mechanisms and metabolic control conduct?

Intrinsic control of blood flow

What is compliance?

a. structure of capillaries

b. conduction of blood flow

c. stretch ability of arterial wall

c. stretchability of the arterial wall

Formula for MAP

MAP = DP = PP/3

What are the 3 major types of BP control?

acute control and long term control

What of the 2 types of BP control operates via baroreceptors, hormones, and intrinsic capillary fluid shifts?

a. acute control

b. long term control

a. acute control

What type of BP control involves the kidney regulating fluid output in order to control blood volume?

a. acute control

b. intrinsic control

c. long term control

c. long term control

What regulation includes both acute and long term control?

a. chemical regulation

b. hormonal regulation

c. blood regulation

b. hormonal regulation