Cellular Dynamics of Connective Tissue & Cartilage

This set of flashcards covers key concepts related to cellular dynamics, connective tissue, cartilage, and their roles in health and disease.

Micro-Architecture

The structural design of tissues at the microscopic level, important for their function and mechanical properties.

Fibroblasts

The primary cells in connective tissue responsible for synthesizing extracellular matrix components.

Myofibroblasts

Cells that have properties of both fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells, important for wound healing and tissue repair.

Mechanotransduction

The process by which cells convert mechanical stimuli into biochemical signals.

Macrophage Polarization

The process by which macrophages adopt different functional roles (M1 or M2) in response to signals in their environment.

Granulation Tissue

The new connective tissue and microscopic blood vessels that form on the surface of a wound during the healing process.

Collagen

The main protein found in connective tissue, providing structural support and strength.

Mast Cells

Cells that play a key role in allergic reactions and defense against pathogens, found in connective tissue.

Adipocytes

Fat cells that store energy and provide cushioning and insulation to the body.

Hyaline Cartilage

A type of cartilage characterized by a glassy appearance and is found in joints, rib cage, and nose.

Elastic Cartilage

Cartilage that contains elastic fibers, allowing it to bend and return to its original shape.

Fibrocartilage

A tough and dense type of cartilage that provides support and shock absorption, found in intervertebral discs.

Perichondrium

A layer of dense connective tissue that surrounds cartilage, aiding in growth and repair.

Chondrocytes

The cells found within cartilage that produce and maintain its extracellular matrix.

Aggrecan

A large proteoglycan that contributes to the structure of cartilage, providing it with strength and elasticity.

Wound Healing Stages

A series of processes including inflammation, granulation tissue formation, re-epithelialization, and remodeling.

Apoptosis

The process of programmed cell death that occurs in normal physiological processes.

Keloids

Raised overgrowths of scar tissue that occur at the site of a healed skin injury.

Osteoarthritis

A degenerative joint disease characterized by the breakdown of cartilage and underlying bone.