Environmental Science Stork

Why not hunt to extinction

2 kinds of value-Instrumental and Intrinsic

Instrumental value

what can you do for humanity, plants we eat

Intrinsic value

value something has just for existing, some believe only humans have intrinsic value

What do we get from biodiversity

ecosystem functioning, ecosystems rely on communities of species, ecosystem goods and services

greater diversity means

ecosystem stability

Value of ecosystem services estimated to be

½ of world GNP

How many of all species have gone extinct

99%

Several mass extinction events

90% biodiversity wiped out, 5 recognized, 6th may be underway

Before people, extinction rate was

1 species going extinct every 1000 years, we increase it 100 to 1000 times

HIPPO

E.O. Wilson made it: Habitat destruction, invasive species, pollution, population, overharvesting

Habitat destruction

36% of extinctions, conversion of habitat into different form, fragment when we build roads, simplification burning and plant new things, intrusion

Invasive species

intentional or unintentional, by predation of competition may eliminate native

Top down controls

predator consuming species of interest

Bottom up controls

food source, if you don’t have enough food you starve

Pollution

Human population growth competition for resources,

Overharvesting

hunting/poaching, pet trade, logging

Protections

states have hunting and fishing laws

Endangered Species Act 1973

endangered-imminent threat of extinction, threatened likely to become endangered, vulnerable rare or locally depleted at risk

75% of species are

invertebrate

9% of threatened or endangered listed species are

also invertebrate

18+ species have

gone extinct after being nominated ESA protection

Keystone species

especially important special protection

indicator species

sensitive to environmental change

umbrella species

require huge tracts of undivided habitat

flagship species

people react emotionally

private property

80% of most listed species habitat

CITES

convention on international trade in endangered species 1975