pearson immune questions

Cell-mediated immunity responds to __________.

cancer cells.

The antibody IgE directly triggers __________.

inflammation

Antibodies can bind to viral proteins, animal venoms, and bacterial toxins, rendering them inactive, by a process known as __________.

neutralization

Which of the following statements are true of class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules?

Class I MHC molecules present endogenous antigens.

The reason why some vaccines require booster shots is because they are __________.

inactivated vaccines

Which of the following processes are functions of antibodies?

Agglutination, opsonization , neutralization

Passive immunity provided to newborns through the placenta belong to the __________ class of immunoglobulins.

IgG

Mucous membranes and tears contain antimicrobial substances such as __________.

IgA

The primary immune response can take up to __________ for the antibody to peak, whereas the secondary immune response can take up to __________ for the antibody to peak.

7–14 days; 3–5 days

Where do T cells become immunocompetent?

thymus

Cytotoxic T cells are also known as __________.

CD8+ T cells

What is a determinant for organ compatibility and rejection of transplants?

Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules

__________ cells are required for almost all parts of the innate and adaptive immune responses to function properly.

Th

Which cell type is targeted by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?

Helper T cells

A systemic release of histamine and other inflammatory mediators leads to the most dramatic immediate hypersensitivity reaction known as __________.

• anaphylactic shock

Vaccinations involve exposure to an antigen to elicit

a primary immune response

Approximately 75–80% of circulating antibodies in serum are ___

IgG

B cells develop and mature in the __________.

Bone Marrow

__________, cells that have not yet encountered their specific antigens, reside in the blood, lymphoid organs, or other lymphatic tissue.

Naïve T cells

Autoimmune diseases are disorders where the immune system fails to distinguish __________ from foreign ones.

self antigens

Which of the following immune responses is not associated with the common cold?

Neutrophils enter the area in large numbers and phagocytize bacteria.

What cells decline in number during the final phase of HIV-1 infection, when an individual is said to have AIDS?

Helper T (T_H) cells

What do activated B cells differentiate into?

plasma cells and memory B cells.