When evolution runs backwards

reluctant (adj)

🔤 Phiên âm: /rɪˈlʌk.tənt/

🎯 Nghĩa: Miễn cưỡng, bất đắc dĩ, không sẵn lòng.

📝 ex: For a long time, biologists were reluctant to accept that evolution could run backwards.

🔄 Synonyms: unwilling, hesitant, resistant

❌ Antonyms: eager, willing, enthusiastic

👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 Word Family: reluctance (n), reluctantly (adv)

connotation (n)

🔤 Phiên âm: /ˌkɒn.əˈteɪ.ʃən/

🎯 Nghĩa: Ý nghĩa hàm ẩn, sắc thái ý nghĩa.

📝 ex: The term 'reverse evolution' often carries a negative connotation of moving towards a primitive state.

🔄 Synonyms: implication, hidden meaning, nuance

❌ Antonyms: denotation, literal meaning

👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 Word Family: connote (v)

irreversible (adj)

🔤 Phiên âm: /ˌɪr.ɪˈvɜː.sə.bəl/

🎯 Nghĩa: Không thể đảo ngược, không thể thay đổi.

📝 ex: Dollo's law states that evolution is irreversible and lost complex traits cannot be regained.

🔄 Synonyms: unalterable, permanent, irrevocable

❌ Antonyms: reversible, temporary, changeable

👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 Word Family: irreversibility (n), irreversibly (adv)

limb (n)

🔤 Phiên âm: /lɪm/

🎯 Nghĩa: Chi (chân, cánh, vây của người hoặc động vật). 📝 ex: Snakes evolved from lizards that lost their limbs over millions of years.

🔄 Synonyms: appendage, arm, leg

❌ Antonyms: (Không có) 👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 Word Family: limbless (adj)

juvenile (adj / n)

🔤 Phiên âm: /ˈdʒuː.vən.aɪl/

🎯 Nghĩa: (Thuộc) con non, người vị thành niên / Con non. 📝 ex: The axolotl is unique because it retains its juvenile characteristics throughout its adult life.

🔄 Synonyms: young, immature, adolescent

❌ Antonyms: adult, mature

👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 Word Family: juvenility (n)

axolotl (n)

🔤 Phiên âm: /ˈæk.səˌlɒt.əl/

🎯 Nghĩa: Kỳ giông Mexico (loài lưỡng cư giữ lại đặc điểm con non khi trưởng thành).

📝 ex: The axolotl is a famous example of an amphibian that does not undergo a typical metamorphosis.

🔄 Synonyms: Mexican walking fish, salamander

❌ Antonyms: (Không có)

👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 Word Family: (Tên loài vật)

lineage (n)

🔤 Phiên âm: /ˈlɪn.i.ɪdʒ/

🎯 Nghĩa: Dòng dõi, nòi giống, hệ thống phát sinh loài.

📝 ex: By examining the fossil record, scientists can trace the evolutionary lineage of modern whales.

🔄 Synonyms: ancestry, descent, pedigree

❌ Antonyms: (Không có trái nghĩa trực tiếp)

👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 Word Family: (Thường đứng độc lập)

minuscule (adj)

🔤 Phiên âm: /ˈmɪn.ə.skjuːl/

🎯 Nghĩa: Rất nhỏ, cực kỳ nhỏ bé.

📝 ex: Some whale species still have minuscule hind leg bones buried deep within their bodies.

🔄 Synonyms: tiny, microscopic, miniature

❌ Antonyms: massive, gigantic, huge

👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 Word Family: (Thường đứng độc lập)

hind (adj)

🔤 Phiên âm: /haɪnd/

🎯 Nghĩa: Đằng sau, phía sau (thường dùng cho chi/chân động vật).

📝 ex: The embryos of dolphins initially develop hind limbs that disappear before birth.

🔄 Synonyms: back, rear, posterior

❌ Antonyms: front, fore, anterior

👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 Word Family: hindquarters (n), hindlegs (n)

digit (n)

🔤 Phiên âm: /ˈdɪdʒ.ɪt/

🎯 Nghĩa: Ngón (chân, tay) / Con số.

📝 ex: Most land-dwelling vertebrates have five digits on each limb.

🔄 Synonyms: finger, toe, thumb

❌ Antonyms: (Không có)

👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 Word Family: digital (adj)

occasion (n)

🔤 Phiên âm: /əˈkeɪ.ʒən/

🎯 Nghĩa: Dịp, cơ hội, trường hợp.

📝 ex: On rare occasions, a genetic mutation can cause a lost evolutionary trait to reappear.

🔄 Synonyms: instance, event, occurrence

❌ Antonyms: (Không có)

👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 Word Family: occasional (adj), occasionally (adv)

intriguing (adj)

🔤 Phiên âm: /ɪnˈtriː.ɡɪŋ/

🎯 Nghĩa: Hấp dẫn, gợi sự tò mò, thú vị.

📝 ex: The idea that evolution might sometimes reverse itself is a highly intriguing concept for biologists.

🔄 Synonyms: fascinating, interesting, captivating

❌ Antonyms: boring, uninteresting, dull

👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 Word Family: intrigue (v / n), intriguingly (adv)

embryos (n - plural)

🔤 Phiên âm: /ˈem.bri.əʊz/

🎯 Nghĩa: Phôi thai.

📝 ex: By observing the embryos of different species, biologists can find clues about their evolutionary past.

🔄 Synonyms: fetuses, unborn offspring

❌ Antonyms: adults, fully grown animals

👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 Word Family: embryonic (adj)

sprout (v)

🔤 Phiên âm: /spraʊt/

🎯 Nghĩa: Mọc lên, nhú lên, đâm chồi.

📝 ex: During early development, the embryos of some legless lizards temporarily sprout tiny limb buds.

🔄 Synonyms: grow, emerge, bud, germinate

❌ Antonyms: shrink, die, wither

👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 Word Family: sprout (n - mầm)

bud (n / v)

🔤 Phiên âm: /bʌd/

🎯 Nghĩa: Mầm, nụ (chân, tay trong sinh học) / Chồi non / Đâm chồi.

📝 ex: The limb buds appear early in the development but fail to grow into fully formed legs.

🔄 Synonyms: shoot, sprout, initial stage

❌ Antonyms: (Không có)

👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 Word Family: budding (a

Institution

Tổ chức, sự bắt đầu
ex: Make sure the institution’s focus is relevant